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...S AND NEUTROSOPHIC RELATIONAL MAPS W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600... ...tm.ac.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-ma... ...m: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, A... ...rder, as for certain manifestations. According to the interpretation we have in mind, it will lead to different models with different interpretation... ...l setting, in referring to a fuzzy (relational) equation one quite often has in mind an equation describing a relationship between fuzzy sets in two... ...leau with linguistic entries that will be interpreted as fuzzy sets, having in mind that different experts might provide somehow different characte... ...present is eternal and comprises in itself the past and the future? In Eastern Philosophy the contradictory utterances form the core of the Taoism ... ...es the neutrosophic set. One gives 227 examples from mathematics, physics, philosophy, and applications of the neutrosophic set. Afterwards, on... ...bilattice where the four components were inter-related. In 1995, starting from philosophy (when I fretted to distinguish between absolute truth and...

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...Matrix theory has been one of the most utilised concepts in fuzzy models and neutrosophic models. From solving equations to characterising linear transformations or linear operators, matrices are used. Matrices find their applications in several real...

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... an advanced tool which can handle over one linear model at a time. Bimatrices will be useful when time bound comparisons are needed in the analysis of the model....

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... INTRODUCTION TO BIMATRICES W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600036,... ...c.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-mail: ... ... Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann A... ... in mathematics. Because when one says something is imaginary, to a common mind it means that the thing does 6 not exist, but indeterminacy is a... ...ache/NeutSet.txt 34. SMARANDACHE, Florentin, Neutrosophy : A New Branch of Philosophy, http://gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/Neutroso.txt 35. SMARAND... ...s, USA. He published over 73 books and 90 papers and notes in mathematics, philosophy, literature, rebus. In mathematics his research papers are in...

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...introduction of neutrosophic theory has put forth a significant concept by giving representation to indeterminates. Uncertainty or indeterminacy happen to be one of the major factors in almost all real-world problems. When uncertainty is ...

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...to Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Models W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600036,... ...c.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-mail: ... ... Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann A... ...., L. Alback, T. Finne and R. Rantanen. Cognitive Maps: An Attempt to Trace Mind and Attention in Decision Making, in C. Carlsson ed. Cognitive Map... ...ur Problem, Academic Press New York 1967. 48. Ozesmi, U. Ecosystems in the Mind: Fuzzy Cognitive Maps of the Kizilirmak Delta Wetlands in Turkey, P... ...s, USA. He published over 60 books and 80 papers and notes in mathematics, philosophy, literature, rebus. In mathematics his research papers are in...

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...Excerpt: Easter Holidays; Hail! festal Easter that dost bring Approach of sweetly-smiling spring, When Nature?s clad in green: When feather?d songsters through the grove With beasts confess the power of love And brighten all the scene. Now youths the breaking stages load That swiftly rattling o?...

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...Table of Contents: Easter Holidays, 1 -- Dura Navis, 2 -- Nil Pejus est Caelibe Vit‘, 4 -- Sonnet to the Autumnal Moon, 5 -- Anthem for the Children of Christ?s Hospital, 6 -- Julia, 7 -- Quae Nocent Docent, 8 -- The Nose, 9 -- To ...

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...ions E-books ' 2001, Global Language Resources, Inc. Coleridge: Poems Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Easter Holidays . . . ... ...Sonnet to the Autumnal Moon . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Anthem for the Children of Christ’s Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Julia . .... .... . . . . . . . 11 To the Muse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Destruction of the Bastile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Life . . . . .... ... calm serene Shall cheerful spend the hour. While steady Virtue guides his mind Heav’n-born Content he still shall find That never sheds a tear: ... ... shall sooth, No much-lov’d Friend shall share thy every woe. Why does thy mind with hopes delusive burn? Vain are thy Schemes by heated Fancy plan... ...r find? What joys shall ever glad his heart? Or who shall heal his wounded mind, If tortur’d by Misfortune’s smart? Who Hymeneal bliss will never ... ...the unregenerate mind; Bubbles that glitter as they rise and break On vain Philosophy’s aye-babbling spring. For never guiltless may I speak of him... ...oft alone, Piercing the long-neglected holy cave, The haunt obscure of old Philosophy, He bade with lifted torch its starry walls Sparkle, as erst... ...een, Whom as a faery child my childhood woo’d Even in my dawn of thought — Philosophy; Though then unconscious of herself, pardie, She bore no oth...

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...in accordance with the paradoxism and even to confirm it, the way the mathematician writer Florentin Smarandache is received is ... paradoxical. Tens of books, studies and articles have already been written about both, scientist and smarandachism - the name given to the movement by Ion Rotaru and Titu Popescu. However the paradoxist number 1 in the world is less known in h...

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...n be ordered in microfilm format from: Bell and Howell Co. (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann... ... 1-931233-32-2 Standard Address Number 297-5092 Printed in the United States of America 4 Ion Soare PARADOXISM AND POSTMODERNISM I... ...IN SMARANDACHE’S WORK “Through paradoxical extension, the interior of a phenomenon conquers its exterior. In other words, it belongs to i... ...stmodernists, the homologation and the consideration of the exceptional human mind’s values are not considered compulsory anymore, everyone having- ... ...che is the name that I write and utter perhaps with the deepest emotion in my mind; after Nichita Stanescu’s disappearance only Levantul of the bril... ...ache himself finds out - in his play Antique Tragedy - paradoxes in the Greek philosophy, without fear or other resentments. The debate among the thr... ...m the affiliation to logic or aesthetics of this notion -”an old structure in philosophy and a matter of study in logic”(Titu Popescu), Smarandache ... ...beauty behalf, that could be framed within the general-positive principles of philosophy. The absolute reached by Smarandache belongs to the postmode... ...that one of the high icy summits, accessible only for strong nature or choice minds. The postmodernism of Smarandache (whom we dedicated a separat...

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...Graphs and matrices play a vital role in the analysis and study of several of the real world problems which are based only on unsupervised data. The fuzzy and neutrosophic tools like fuzzy cognitive maps invented by Kosko and neutrosophic cognitive maps introduced by us help in the analy...

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...SOME FUZZY AND NEUTROSOPHIC MODELS W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 60003... ....ac.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-mail... ... ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road ... ...nalysis most men after being affected by HIV/AIDS become sadists. They do not mind infecting, their wife so much so the CSWs. One is not able to und... ... nodes of the range space. R 1 – Fear of getting the disease R 2 – No mind to forgive the HIV/AIDS patients sin R 3 – Social stigma to h... ... M., L. Alback, T. Finne and R. Rantanen. Cognitive Maps: An Attempt to Trace Mind and Attention in Decision Making, in C. Carlsson ed. Cognitive Ma... ...u/~smarandache/NeutSet.txt 128. Smarandache, F. Neutrosophy: A New Branch of Philosophy, http://gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/Neutroso.txt 129. Smar... ... published over 75 books and 100 articles and notes in mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, literature, rebus. In mathematics his researc...

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...After several years working on a treatise putting forth his mechanistic philosophy and physics, Descartes shelved the project when his contemporary, Galileo, was charged with heresy. That work, The World, was only published after Descartes’ death. It seems that Descartes must have had this, in pa...

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Philosophy

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...The Monadology ( La Monadologie , 1714) is one of Gottfried Leibniz’s best known works representing his later philosophy. It is a short text which sketches in some 90 paragraphs a metaphysics of simple substances, or monads. What he proposed can be seen as a modification ...

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Philosophy, Science

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...Excerpt: Great George Street, Westminster, is the address of Doyle and Broadbent, civil engineers. On the threshold one reads that the firm consists of Mr. Lawrence Doyle and Mr. Thomas Broadbent, and that their rooms are on the first floor. Most of their rooms are private; for the ...

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...lication John Bull’s Other Island by George Bernard Shaw is a publication of the Pennsylvania State Uni- versity. This Portable Document file is fur... ...ity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...itor, Hazleton, PA 18202-1291 is a Portable Document File produced as part of an ongoing student publication project to bring classical works of liter... ...oyed, there is no country left to me to take an in- terest in but Ireland. Mind: I don’t say that an Englishman has not other duties. He has a duty to... ... the meeting of the National League, I saw at once that you were—You won’t mind my speaking frankly? 9 GB Shaw TIM. Tell me all me faults as man to m... ...addnton punctial an ready. Gimme it quick, before he comes back. You won’t mind me axin, will ye? BROADBENT. Not at all. I was about to offer you an a...

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...It was known to me his setting up in 1980’s of a new literary and artistic avant-garde movement that he called “paradoxism”, because I received some books and papers dealing with it in order to review them for the German journal “Zentralblatt fár Mathematik”. It was an...

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...Paradoxism is an avant-garde movement in literature, art, philosophy, science, based on excessive used of antitheses, antinomies, contradictions, parables, odds, paradoxes in creations....

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...ace by Charles T. Le: 3 0. Introduction: 9 1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy: 13 2. Neutrosophic Logic - a unifying field in logics: 87 ... ... by Charles T. Le: 3 0. Introduction: 9 1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy: 13 2. Neutrosophic Logic - a unifying field in logics: 87 3.... ...nifying field in sets: 112 4. Neutrosophic Probability - a generalization of classical and imprecise probabilities - and Neutrosophic Statistics: 11... ...painter Florentin Smarandache, especially because the treated subject was of philosophy - revealing paradoxes - and logics. He had generalized the... ...nter Florentin Smarandache, especially because the treated subject was of philosophy - revealing paradoxes - and logics. He had generalized the fu... ...osophic statistics” and thus opening new ways of research in four fields: philosophy, logics, set theory, and probability/statistics. It was known t... ...rstand all. That is the goal of the manifesto. Because Art is not for the mind, but for feelings. Because Art is also for the mind. Try to interpre... ..., neutrosophic statistics. This representation is closer to the human mind reasoning. It characterizes/catches the imprecision of knowledge or ... ...xpression <true in all possible world> is superfluous, derogatory, for our mind may construct impossible world as well, which become possible in our ...

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...The Theory Of Interpretive Relativity: A Unified Map Of Literary Theory is a comprehensive study organizing and mapping all literary interpretive theory, from classical philosophy to postmodern theory, into one formulaic model. Interpr...

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...“The long concatenations of simple and easy reasoning which geometricians use in achieving their most difficult demonstrations gave me occasion to imagine that all matters which may enter the human mind were interrelated in the same fashion.” -- Re...

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...TRATEGIES FOR GRAPHING LITERARY INTERPRETATION THEORIES INTO A VISUAL FIGURE, DEFINING TERMS 1 II. MAPPING LITERARY THEORY: DEFINING THE BODY OF LITERATURE, Ln, AND MESSAGE, EMBODIED IN ART, Ln 10 III. FORMING THE X AXIS: SETTING VALUES FOR X AS SIGN, SIGNIFICATION, AND SIGNAL (X1, X2, X3) 18 X1: Sign, Encoding Meaning 21 X2: Signification: Th...

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...Reading a Book, a Visual Guide is a Klimers Primers Mind Map on How to Read a Book by Adler and Doren, The Intelligent Guide to Reading. It is a visual guide to all the essential elements of getting the most out of reading any type of book, from novels to history, science to l...

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...to Read a Book. The Text. Reading. Extrinsic Reading Aids. How to Read Imaginative Literature. How to Read History, Math & Science. How to Read Philosophy. How to Read Social Science. Syntopical Reading. Reflections on How to Read a Book....

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...As an alternative to the existing logics we propose the Neutrosophic Logic to represent a mathematical model of uncertainty, vagueness, ambiguity, imprecision, undefined, unknown, incompleteness, inconsistency, redundancy, contradiction. It is a non-classical logic. Eksioglu (1999) explains some of them: “Imprecision of the human sy...

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... Florentin Smarandache editor Proceedings of the First International Conference on Neutrosophy, Neutrosophic L... ...phic Probability and Statistics University of New Mexico - Gallup 1-3 December 2001 (sec... ... (second printed edition) FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE editor PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEUTROSOPHY, NEUTROSOPHIC ... ...allup.unm.edu/~smarandache/Introduction.PDF • 1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy: http://www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/Neutrosophy.PDF •... ...ity, neutrosophic statistics. This representation is closer to the human mind reasoning. It characterizes/catches the imprecision of knowledg... ...S 1 }. 1. NEUTROSOPHY: 1.1 Definition: Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities... ...i, f [ 1); definition of <many-valued logic> from "The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy", general editor Robert Audi, 1995, p. 461: "propositions ... ...ually a photon holds both aspects which appears as a paradoxe for most of human minds. This notion has been accepted in modern physics only with great... ...cludes that any element of the space B° could be considered to be a model of a mind or even to be a mind itself. The thing that is the source of inco...

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...In this book for the first time we have ventured into the total analysis of migrant labourers in rural Tamil Nadu who are victims of HIV/AIDS using FCM, BAM and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps. As in our study and analysis we felt several of the factors related with the psycho, socio, economic problem...

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...Migration acquires great significance in the study of peoples and populations, for it not only involves the merely mathematical spatial redistribution of people, but also because it has enormous impact on livelihood, life-styles, employment, socioeconomic and political stabil...

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...W. B. VASANTHA KANDASAMY FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MIGRANT LABOURERS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS USING FUZZY ... ...ce To Rural Tamilnadu In India XIQUAN Phoenix 2004 ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MIGRANT LABOURERS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS USING FUZZY T... ...rence To Rural Tamilnadu In India W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600036, I... ...Some of the interviews are exhaustive, and give us great insight into the minds of people with AIDS and at the same time some of the patients exhibi... ...cation or ethics or values with no motivation, no care for the family, no mind to think about their children or wife, with all addictive habits are ... ...t only under intoxication they had visited CSWs so they were out of their mind to use any safe sex methods in spite of the CSWs insisting them to u... ...absolute truth)=1 + while NL(relative truth)=1. This has application in philosophy (see the neutrosophy). That’s why the unitary standard interva... ...t)=1 + while NS(relative membership element)=1. This has application in philosophy (see the neutrosophy). That’s why the unitary standard interva... ... USA. He published over 60 books and 80 papers and notes in mathematics, philosophy, literature, rebus. In mathematics his research papers are in n...

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...erimental physics, including related themes from mathematics. All submitted papers should be professional, in good English, containing a brief review of a problem and obtained results. All submissions should be designed in LATEX format using Progress in Physics template. This template can be downloaded from Progress in Physics home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online...

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...As shown, experiments registered unmatter: a new kind of matter whose atoms include both nucleons and anti-nucleons, while their life span was very short, no more than 10-20sec. Stable states of unmatter can be built on quarks and anti-quarks: applying the unmatter principle her...

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...INPHYSICS A quarterly issue scientifc journal, registered with the Library of Congress (DC). This journal is peer reviewed and included in the abstrac... ...nal is peer reviewed and included in the abstracting and indexing coverage of: Mathematical Reviews and MathSciNet (AMS, USA), DOAJ of Lund University... ...534 (print) ISSN: 1555-5615 (online) 4 issues per annum Electronic version of this journal: http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online To order printed issu... ...k (71) into covariant form and also keep- ing the formula forq (69) in the mind, we write U ik =−qc 2 h ik − − μc 4π 4A im A m∙ ∙k + 1 c 2 F i F k −... ... experimental investigation of the properties of time. Time in Science and Philosophy, Academia, Prague, 1971, 111–132. 8. Kozyrev N. A. Physical pecu... ...ities (see the previous para- graph for the details). Keeping this fact in mind, Zelmanov formulated his chronometrically invariant criterion for grav... ...2 ; (3) g ik =−h ik + 1 c 2 v i v k . We consider each of the cases here,mindful of the need to fnd theoretical grounds for gravitational wave exper... ...18. Noyes P. Bit-strings physics: a discrete and fnite approach to natural philosophy. Series in Knots in Physics, v. 27, Singapore, World Scientifc, ... ...ubject of mechanics, several references are made herein to the history and philosophy of science. This is necessary because this paper deals primarily...

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...This work covers a substantial mosaic of related concepts in utility theory as applied to financial decision-making. It reviews some of the classical notions of Benthamite utility and the normative utility paradigm offered by the von Neumann-Morgenstern expected ...

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... 1 1 HEXIS Phoenix 2005 1 Sukanto Bhattacharya Department of Business Administration Alaska Pacific University, U.S.A. Ut... ... Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arb... ...ib.umi.com/bod/search/basic Peer Reviewers: 1) Liu Feng, School of Information, Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, (Xi'an caijing ... ...ce against the irresolvable risk by creating a sense of protection in the mind of the individual investor whereby he or she does not feel exposed to ... ...ion Based on Neutrosophic Reasoning Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that is concerned with neutralities and their interaction with ...

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...erimental physics, including related themes from mathematics. All submitted papers should be professional, in good English, containing a brief review of a problem and obtained results. All submissions should be designed in LATEX format using Progress in Physics template. This template can be downloaded from Progress in Physics home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online...

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...According to the Dictionary of Mathematics (Borowski and Borwein, 1991 [1]), the paradox is “an apparently absurd or self-contradictory statement for which there is prima facie support, or an explicit contradiction derived from apparently unexceptionabl...

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...INPHYSICS A quarterly issue scientifc journal, registered with the Library of Congress (DC). This journal is peer reviewed and included in the abstrac... ...nal is peer reviewed and included in the abstracting and indexing coverage of: Mathematical Reviews and MathSciNet (AMS, USA), DOAJ of Lund University... ...534 (print) ISSN: 1555-5615 (online) 4 issues per annum Electronic version of this journal: http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online To order printed issu... ...nmatter was not checked in the lab. According to the neutrosophy theory in philosophy [2], between an entity <A> and its opposite <AntiA> there exist ... ...ern.web. cern.ch/livefromcern/antimatter/FAQ1.html. 6. Pompos A. Inquiring minds — questions about physics. Fermi- lab, see on-line http://www.fnal.go... ... 42. Noyes P. Bit-String Physics: A discrete and fnite approach to Natural Philosophy. Ed. by J. C. van der Berg, Series of Knots in Physics, v. 27, W...

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...works heavily in both math and computers, I can truly appreciate the role that logic plays in our modern world. One cannot understand the foundations of mathematics while lacking knowledge of the basics of logic and how proofs are constructed. Two of the first classes I took as a graduate student in mathematics were in the foundations of mathematics, and hardly a day goes ...

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... Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arb... ... 3) Professor Emeritus C. Corduneanu Texas State University Department of Mathematics Arlington, Texas 76019, USA. ISBN: 1-931233-60-8 ... ...33-60-8 Standard Address Number: 297-5092 Printed in the United States of America 3 Foreword As someone who works heavily in both ma... ... journals. He is truly a Renaissance man, I have books of his art, poetry, philosophy and mathematics among my collection. Yes, the plural can be app... ...istics. This representation is closer to the reasoning of the human mind. It characterizes/catches the imprecision of knowledge or linguistic... ...tatistics. This representation is closer to the reasoning of the human mind. It characterizes / catches the imprecision of knowledge or linguist...

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...st Boole (1832-1916) was born Mary Everest in England and spent her early years in France. She married mathematician George Boole. She was the author of several works on teaching and teaching mathematics in particular. This short book, Philosophy and Fun of Algebra, is meant to be read by children and introduces algebra and logic. She uses the word “algebra” broadly, defin...

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Children, Philosophy, Science

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...Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Latin for "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", often referred to as simply the Principia, is a work in three books by Sir Isaac Newton, first published 5 July 1687. Newton also published two further editions, in 1713 and 1726. The Principia states ...

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... de pofitione re&z ST, quae aream ATS’ abfcindat vera3 proximam. Jungatur OF, & ab A et T ad afymptoton agan- tur JI I, TK afymptoto alteri paralle... ... zquales G H Sr S& Ut d -&!$G, five (per coral, prop. L.) ut d$$&. Itaque of& lationes in globis & cycloidibus omnibus, quibufcunque cum viri- bus ... ...get fpiralem, ideoque perpendi- culariter fecabit re&am .OT. Fiet igitur OF’ diameter circuli hujus,’ & angulus 0 SF in femicirculo re&us. g E. 2)... ... Hypotllcticli tkplication of h’kmory ; how the Organs made ufe of by the Mind in its Opera* fioll n-j.ly I,e mcchnnic‘\lly underlioutl. 4. An I-iyp...

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...For most of the 20th century, both relativity and star travel fascinated this writer. The reasons Albert Einstein concluded there is an absolute barrier at the speed of light seemed at first clear, then later not so clear upon closer...

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...ceed one's grasp. Thus we reach for Alpha Centauri with a round-trip manned and womanned mission as the proposed overarching goal under a clear plan of exploration - a grand experiment described in later chapters. Whether or not we succeed in grasping the goal under this or under any plan is not as important as it is to set a definite plan and work towards its goal. The...

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...- Ch.7. The Phase One Experiment: The First Starship. 37 -- Ch.8. The Phase Two Experiment: Alpha Centauri or Bust!. 45 -- Ch.9. Voyage to the Center of the Galaxy. 50 -- Ch.10. An Hypothesis: There is no Speed Barrier in the Universe. 52 --...

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...D. 2070 Homer B. Tilton Florentin Smarandache 2 To the memory of Benjamin E. Tilton (1876-1955), a close contemporary of Albert Einstein ... ... Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arb... ...ovora, Romania. More science books can be downloaded from the E-Library of Science: www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/eBooks-otherformats.htm Pr... ... a slippery concept, and it is expected that the reader will keep that in mind. Towards clarifying that concept insofar as it applies herein, a work... ...t it as gospel; one recent book written by Zimmerman & Zimmerman comes to mind.[1] Actually, only the tenth chapter deals directly with the light bar... ...iattelli-Palmarini, Inevitable Illusions: How Mistakes of Reason Rule Our Minds, 1994, ISBN 0-471-58126-7. 18 Chapter 3 An Overview Ein... ...and editor of 70 books and 90 papers in mathematics, physics, literature, philosophy. In November 2004 he was invited to lecture at NASA Langley Re...

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...Introduction: Francois Marie Arouet, who called himself Voltaire, was the son of Francois Arouet of Poitou, who lived in Paris, had given up his office of notary two years before the birth of this his third son, and obtained some years afterwards a treasurer?s office in the Chambre des Comptes. Voltair...

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...S......................................................................................................................... 16 LETTER V.?ON THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND .................................................................................................. 20 LETTER VI.?ON THE PRESBYTERIANS....................................................................................

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...n Letters on England by Voltaire (Francois Marie Arouet) is a publication of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnis... ...sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...itor, Hazleton, PA 18202-1291 is a Portable Document File produced as part of an ongoing student publication project to bring classical works of liter... ...f? Much less are they, since these pour in 12 Letters on England upon thy mind whether thou wilt or no; consequently thou receivest thy ideas from Hi... ...ed thy soul. But as He leaves thy affections at full liberty, He gives thy mind such ideas as thy affections may deserve; if thou livest in God, thou ... ...tague, a woman of as fine a genius, and endued with as great a strength of mind, as any of her sex in the British Kingdoms, being with her husband, wh... ...the art of writing justly and el- egantly was little known, much less true philosophy. Lord Bacon, as is the fate of man, was more esteemed after his ... ...ean his Novum Scientiarum Organum. This is the scaffold with which the new philosophy was raised; and when the edifice was built, part of it at least,... ...ing ridicu- lously blended with religion. He is the father of experimental philosophy. It must, in- deed, be confessed that very surprising secrets ha...

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...Scientia Magna is published annually in 200-300 pages per volume and 1,000 copies on topics such as mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and linguistics....

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...7654321; 10987654321; 1110987654321; (1) and he checked the _rst 35 elements and no prime were found. I will study sequence (1), from different point of view than C. Ashbacher. The importance of this sequence is to consider the place value of digits for example the number 1110987654321, to be considered with its digits like this : 11; 10; 9; 8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1, and so ...

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...M. Karama : Smarandache inversion sequence 1 W. He, D. Cui, Z. Zhao and X. Yan : Global attractivity of a recursive sequence 15 J. Earls : Smarandache reversed slightly excessive numbers 22 X. Ren and H. Zhou : A new structure of super R¤-unipotent semigroups 24 J. Li : An equation involving the Smarandache-type function ...

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Excerpt: Weir of Hermiston by Robert Louis Stevenson.

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... Weir of Hermiston by Robert Louis Steve... ... Weir of Hermiston by Robert Louis Stevenson is a publication of the Pennsylvania State Univer- sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free a... ...the Pennsylvania State University assumes any responsibility for the material contained within the document or for the file as an electronic transmiss... ... yet it would seem he was struck with her at the first look. “Wha’s she?” he said, turning to his host; and, when he had been told, “Ay,” says he, “sh... ...at least, when the family were at Hermiston, not only my lord, but Mrs. Weir too, enjoyed a holiday. Free from the dreadful looking-for of the miscarr... ... she had conceived and managed to pursue a scheme of conduct. Archie was to be a great man and a good; a minister if possible, a saint for certain. Sh... ...kens that – she kens it well, dearie!” And so slid off to safer topics, and left on the mind of the child an obscure but ineradicable sense of somethi... ...unce the fact; and sometimes, with no notice at all, he would not return for dinner until the hour was long past. Innes groaned under these desertions...

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...The 2000 year history of the atom and chemistry, from the Classic Greek Era to the present, is described in 800 pages, depicted with some 300 pictures and illustrations. This history of the atom and chemistry discusses the lives of about 180 ch...

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...INTRODUCTION It is a genuine pleasure and challenge for me to try to express the full extent of my emotions and reasons for writing this book on the STORY OF THE ATOM AND THE SCIENCES, with special reference to the CHEMICAL SCIENCES. In one sentence, I can distill the essence of the purpose for this study by simply...

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...TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 THE STORY OF THE ATOM AND CHEMISTRY 7 THE CAVE MAN 7 ABSTRACT ON THE CONCEPT OF PERSPECTIVE AND SENSE OF DUTY 8 THE MIGRATORY AND THE SEDENTARY MAN 9 ABSTRACT ON THE ATOM AND ITS ENERGY 11 ...

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............................................................................................................................................ 4 THE DEATH OF JEAN ............................................................................................................................................ 75 THE TURNING-POINT OF MY LIFE ...............................................

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...WHAT IS MAN? WHAT IS MAN? AND OTHER ESSAYS OF MARK TWAIN (Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835 1910) What Is Man and Other ... ...Man and Other Essays by Mark T wain (Samuel L. Clemens) is a publication of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnis... ...sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in ... ...impossible to change it. O.M. I am sorry, but you see, yourself, that your mind is merely a machine, nothing more. You have no command over it, it has... ...no command over itself, its owner has no command over it. Y.M. Well, never mind Adam: but certainly Shakespeare’s creations— O.M. No, you mean Shakes... ...ys, playing plays, borrowing ideas, and so on), framed the patterns in his mind and started up his complex and admirable machin ery, and it automati... ...it for your child if she could get the same pay . Y.M. This is an infernal philosophy of yours. O.M. It isn’t a philosophy, it is a fact. Y.M. Of cour... ...f Commons and in the courts of law, he still found leisure for letters and philosophy. The noble treatise on the Advancement of Leearning, which at a... ... have taken all knowledge to be my province.” Though Bacon did not arm his philosophy with the weap ons of logic, he adorned her profusely with all t...

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Excerpt: Essays on Some Unsettled Questions of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill.

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...Contents PREFACE........................................................................................................4 ESSAY I: Of the Laws of Interchange between Nations; and the Distribution of the Gains of Commerce among the Countries of the Commercial World ..............................................................................................

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...ESSAYS ON SOME UNSETTLED QUESTIONS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY by JOHN STUART MILL 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 A PENN ST... ...ELECTRONIC CLASSICS SERIES PUBLICATION Essays on Some Unsettled Questions of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill is a publication of the Penn- sylv... ...sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...es and unreasonable fears al- ternately rule with tyrannical sway over the minds of a major- ity of the mercantile public; general eagerness to buy an... ... not a material object, but a quality of an object, viz., of the hands and mind of the performer; never- theless skill possesses exchangeable value, i... ... of a rich establish- ment is supposed by some writers to produce upon the mind of an indigent spectator an earnest desire of enjoying the same luxuri... ..., when he observed that the first principles of all sciences belong to the philosophy of the human mind. The observation is just; and the first princi... ...branches of knowledge. If we open any book, even of mathematics or natural philosophy, it is impossible not to be struck with the mistiness of what we... ... of being founded upon it. The science of mechanics, a branch of natu- ral philosophy, lays down the laws of motion, and the prop- erties of what are ...

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...Excerpt: Prelude; Who that cares much to know the history of man, and how the mysterious mixture behaves under the varying experiments of Time, has not dwelt, at least briefly, on the life of Saint Theresa, has not smiled with some gentleness at the thought of the little girl walkin...

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...Table of Contents: Book I ?Miss Brooke, 1 -- Prelude, 1 -- Chapter I., 3 -- Chapter II., 10 -- Chapter III., 16 -- Chapter IV., 25 -- Chapter V., 31 -- Chapter VI., 38 -- Chapter VII., 47 -- Chapter VIII., 51 -- Chapter IX., 55 -- ...

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...liot 1872 To my dear Husband, George Henry Lewes, in this nineteenth year of our blessed union. Contents Book I — Miss Brooke . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...arch 1 Book I Miss Brooke Prelude W ho that cares much to know the history of man, and how the mysterious mixture behaves under the varying experiment... ... man, and how the mysterious mixture behaves under the varying experiments of Time, has not dwelt, at least briefly, on the life of Saint Theresa, has ... ...es, with a keen interest in gimp and artificial protrusions of drapery. Her mind was theoretic, and yearned by its nature after some lofty conception o... ...held in this part of the county to have contracted a too rambling habit of mind. Mr. Brooke’s conclusions were as difficult to predict as the weather: ... ...money as possible in carrying them out. For the most glutinously indefinite minds enclose some hard grains of habit; and a man has been seen lax about ... ...men he regarded as he did the other severe facts of life, to be faced with philosophy and investigated by science. But Rosamond Vincy seemed to have t... ...gher questions which determine the starting point of a diagnosis—as to the philosophy of me dial evidence—any glimmering of these can only come from ... ... youth had acted on him as poetry without the aid of the poets. had made a philosophy for him without the aid of philosophers, a religion without the ...

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...Excerpt: Reprinted from Fraser?s Magazine. The cloud which for the space of a month hung gloomily over the civilized world, black with far worse evils than those of simple war, has passed from over our heads without bursting. The fear has not been realized, that the only two first-rate Powers who ...

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... UBLICATION The Contest in America by John Stuart Mill is a publication of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnis... ...sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...itor, Hazleton, PA 18201 1291 is a Portable Document File produced as part of an ongoing student publication project to bring classical works of liter... ...of America as a cut finger is to an almost mortal wound,—these facts, with minds not favorably disposed to us, would have gone far to make the most od... ...ons, to consider a fight against slavery as a fight for God. Now, when the mind of England, and it may almost be said, of the civilized part of mankin... ...d with the South. In considering this matter, we ought to dismiss from our minds, as far as possible, those feelings against the North, which have bee...

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...books* one by Mr. Grant White on England, one on France by the diabolically clever Mr. Hillebrand, may well have set people thinking on the divisions of races and nations. Such thoughts should arise with particular congruity and force to inhabitants of that United Kingdom, peopled from so many different stocks, babbling so many different dialects, and offering in its exten...

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...ER VII: THE MANSE .......................................................................................................... 48 CHAPTER VIII: MEMOIRS OF AN ISLET .................................................................................... 53 CHAPTER IX: THOMAS STEVENSON ? CIVIL ENGINEER...................................................... 58 CHAPTER X: TALK AND TA...

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...Robert Louis Stevenson (1912 Chatto and Windus edition) is a publica- tion of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furni... ...ity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...itor, Hazleton, PA 18201-1291 is a Portable Document File produced as part of an ongoing student publication project to bring classical works of liter... ...of the man too often withheld from the social commerce, and the contact of mind with mind evaded as with terror. A Scotch peasant will talk more liber... ...rn of interest from him, may argue something more awake and lively in your mind, but it still puts you in the attitude of a suitor and a poor relation... ...readily transported by imagination; the type remains with me as cleaner in mind and body, more active, fonder of eat- ing, endowed with a lesser and a... ...er by words, but by the instancing of whole biographies, epics, systems of philosophy, and epochs of history, in bulk. That which is understood excels... ...oment he transmigrates, dons the required character, and with moon- struck philosophy justifies the act in question. I can fancy nothing to compare wi... ...men than increase of knowl- edge or clarity of thought. The drama, not the philosophy, of life is the sphere of their intellectual activity. Even when...

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...Excerpt: Preface By Way Of Criticism. These studies are collected from the monthly press. One appeared in the New Quarterly, one in MacMillan?s, and the rest in the Cornhill Magazine. To the Cornhill I owe a double debt of thanks; first, that I was ...

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...Contents PREFACE BY WAY OF CRITICISM. ........................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER I ? VICTOR HUGO?S ROMANCES ........................................................................ 15 CHAPTE...

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...NSON A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Publication Familiar Studies of Men and Books by Robert Louis Stevenson is a publication of the Pennsylv... ...ity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in a... ...r for the file as an electronic transmission, in any way. Familiar Studies of Men and Books by Robert Louis Stevenson, the Pennsylvania State Universi... ... thing to write with enjoyment on a subject while the story is hot in your mind from recent reading, coloured with recent prejudice; and it is quite a... ...e in a few pages the events of a whole lifetime, and the effect on his own mind of many various volumes, is bound, above all things, to make that cond... ... he refrained from “the wrong that amendeth wrong.” But the common, trashy mind of our gen- eration is still aghast, like the Jews of old, at any word... ...e a dupe of me, even as he was seeking to make a dupe of himself, wresting philosophy to the needs of his own sorrow. But in the light of this new fac... ...s a contribution to the theory of life. So with the more icy parts of this philosophy of Thoreau’s. He was affecting the Spartan- ism he had not; and ... ... beyond, for which he had found or sought no formula, on which perhaps his philosophy even looked askance, is wanting in my study, as it was wanting i...

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...ion: Benjamin Franklin was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son. His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who published the ?New England Courant.? To this journal he became a ...

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...klin with introduction and notes edited by Charles W. Eliot is a publication of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furn... ...ersity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. An An An An Any per y per y per y per y person using this do... ...or for the file as an electronic transmission, in any way. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin with introduction and notes edited by Charles W. Eli... ...e ingenious or useful topic for dis course, which might tend to improve the minds of his chil dren. By this means he turned our attention to what wa... ...nts, while the intention of mak ing the experiment was fresh and warm in my mind. My father at last fixed upon the cutler’s trade, and my uncle Benja... ...ity of searching for variety, and also have tended to fix that variety in my mind, and make me master of it. Therefore I took some of the tales and tu... ...ving his books, which were a pretty col lection of mathematicks and natural philosophy, to come with mine and me to New York, where he propos’d to wa... ...d produce one or more queries on any point of Morals, Poli tics, or Natural Philosophy, to be discuss’d by the company; and once in three months prod... ... much originality as if you had been conducting discus sions in politics or philosophy; and what more worthy of experiments and system (its importanc...