This article will be permanently flagged as inappropriate and made unaccessible to everyone. Are you certain this article is inappropriate? Excessive Violence Sexual Content Political / Social
Email Address:
Article Id: WHEBN0000597143 Reproduction Date:
u
The close back rounded vowel, or high back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨u⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is u.
The IPA prefers terms "close" and "open" for vowels, and the name of the article follows this. However, a large number of linguists, perhaps a majority, prefer the terms "high" and "low".
In most languages this rounded vowel is pronounced with protruded lips ('endolabial'). However, in a few cases the lips are compressed ('exolabial').
The close back rounded vowel is almost identical featurally to the labio-velar approximant [w]. [u] alternates with [w] in certain languages, such as French, and in the diphthongs of some languages, [u̯] with the non-syllabic diacritic and [w] are used in different transcription systems to represent the same sound.
In most languages, close back rounded vowels are pronounced with protruded lips.
Some languages, such as Japanese ( ) and Swedish, are found with a close back vowel that has a distinct type of rounding, called compressed or exolabial.[48] No language is known to contrast this with the more typical protruded (endolabial) close back vowel.
There is no dedicated diacritic for compression in the IPA. However, the compression of the lips can be shown with the letter ⟨β⟩ as ⟨ɯ͡β̞⟩ (simultaneous [ɯ] and labial compression) or ⟨ɯᵝ⟩ ([ɯ] modified with labial compression). The spread-lip diacritic ⟨ ͍ ⟩ may also be used with a rounded vowel letter ⟨u͍⟩ as an ad hoc symbol, though technically 'spread' means unrounded.
Ѐ, Yus, Russia, Greek alphabet, Microsoft
Front vowel, International Phonetic Alphabet, Close-mid vowel, Place of articulation, Manner of articulation
Spanish language, Canada, France, Italian language, English language
Pharyngealization, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Egyptian Arabic, Ipa
Sic, Grammatical gender, Catalan Language, Valencian, Spanish language
Tiberian Hebrew, Israeli Hebrew, Hebrew language, Close-mid front unrounded vowel, Dagesh
Pharyngealization, Close-mid front unrounded vowel, Close-mid back rounded vowel, Voiceless alveolar sibilant, Voiced alveolar sibilant
Open back unrounded vowel, Close-mid back rounded vowel, Canada, United Kingdom, Close front unrounded vowel