This book has six chapters. First chapter gives a brief description of biotechnology. Second chapter deals will proper proportion of mix of raw materials in cement industries to minimize pollution using fuzzy control theory. Chapter three gives the method of determination of temperature set point for crude oil in oil refineries. Chapter four studies the flow rates in chemical industries using fuzzy neutral networks. Chapter five gives the method of minimization of waste gas flow in chemical industries using fuzzy linear programming. The final chapter suggests when in these studies indeterminancy is an attribute or concept involved, the notion of neutrosophic methods can be adopted. The authors feel that the reader should be well versed with fuzzy models like neural networks, fuzzy relational equations, fuzzy control theory, fuzzy linear programming and neutrosophic fuzzy models like NRE together with a knowledge of the technical functioning of chemical industries....

2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network. The study of proper proportions of material mix during the clinkerization process is very difficult due to inconsistency in the chemical and mineralogical composition and the variation of these characteristic affects kiln operation, fuel consumption, clinker quality and above all the amount of CKD vent into the atmosphere. Further the raw mix should maintain a fixed range for a specific quality of cement. The problem of satisfying this range involves lot of randomness and uncertainty, which in turn speaks about the desired quality of the clinker. ...

Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two BIOTECHNOLOGY IN CHEMICAL INDUSTIRES 11 2.1 Description of waste CKD in cement kiln 13 2.2 Monitoring and control of the system using FCT and improvement of burning zone and combustion 16 2.3 Determination of gas volume setpoint and temperature set point for CKD processing 26 2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network 35 Chapter Three DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE SET POINTS FOR CRUDE OIL 47 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Description of Crude Oil Refineries 48 3.3 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Kerosene Resulting in Better Distillation Using Fuzzy Control Theory 52 3.4 Determination of Temperature Set Point of Naphtha Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 61 3.5 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Gasoil Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 69 3.6 Conclusions 78 Chapter Four STUDY OF FLOW RATES IN CHEMICAL PLANTS 79 4.1 Use of FRE in Chemical Engineering 79 4.2 Fuzzy neural networks to estimate velocity of flow distribution in a pipe networ...

This book consists of 6 papers focusing on social and economic issues. The topics covered include graph distance and optimal communication, migration in Jaipur, urbanization, clan capitalism, world population growth rate, and scientific inquiry. These papers were written in the period between 2009-2010. Hopefully the readers will find some new insights in this collection of papers....

In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the literature which discusses new phenomenon associated to social network. One of the well-known phenomenon in this regards is known as ‘six degrees of separation’ [1], which implies that one can always keep a communication with each other anywhere within a six-step. A number of experiments has verified this hypothesis, either in the context of offline communication (postal mail), or online communication (email, etc.). In this article, we argue that by introducing this known ‘six degrees of separation’ into the context of group instability problem, one can find a new type of wisdom in organization. Therefore, we offer a new conjecture, which may be called ‘Group stability conjectures based on Graph/Network distance.”...

The doctoral dissertation analyses the international anticorruption discourse by the World Bank, UNDP and Transparency International. It draws out implicit conceptions of an ideal uncorrupted society. While international anticorruption discourse is found to be broadly reflective of what can be called advanced liberal ideals of governing, the thesis enables an in-depth understanding of the manifold and complex discursive moves through which these particular ideals are constructed and advanced by the discourse....

"Overall, IAC discourse delegitimizes any social constellation and political project that involves a conception of human beings which differs from ‘rational and self-interested’. [...] These negations of different social structures and political projects are related to other negations, such as of non-positivist ways of acquiring knowledge and investigating corruption and possible counter-measures. In a political project that is structured consistently according to the presuppositions and findings of positivist, rational choice inspired research, any other ways of looking at the world [...] can only be risky and wrong and endanger the fight against corruption"....

Abbreviations Figures Acknowledgements Quotes Introduction 1 Corruption as a social construction – implications for an analysis of international anticorruption efforts The fight against corruption – an intrinsically good project? Positivist research on corruption – corruption as a fact After positivism – corruption as a socially constructed concept International anticorruption efforts as a site where corruption is constructed 2 A post-Marxist discourse and hegemony theoretical approach to the analysis of international anticorruption discourse A theory of discourse – a theory of society Hegemonic strategy, stratagems and other discursive logics The IAC consensus from a post-Marxist discourse and hegemony theoretical perspective Delimiting and analysing the discourse – ‘operationalisation’ and method 3 Creating the enemy Definitions, manifestations and locations of corruption Causes of corruption Social, political and economic consequences of corruption Subject positions Metaphors...

The authors in this book have analyzed the socio-economic and psychological problems faced by People with Disabilities (PWDs) and their families. The study was made by collecting data using both fuzzy linguistic questionnaire by interviews in case they are not literates from 2,15,811 lakhs people. This data was collected using the five Non Government Organizations (NGOs) from northern Tamil Nadu....

The main objective of this was to understand the basic psychological and social problems faced by the PWDs and their caretakers. To interpret the collected data, tabulations and analysis were made. Efforts were made to highlight the inferences in each table and in few places comments were made in order to use it for fuzzy analysis. Following is the list of organizations and the total population from 5 blocks is listed below....

Preface 6 Chapter One INTRODUCTION TO BASIC CONCEPTS 11 Chapter Two ANALYSIS OF THE COLLECTED DATA OF THE PWDS FROM MELMALAYANUR AND KURINJI PADI BLOCKS IN TAMIL NADU 13 Chapter Three THE NEW FUZZY COGNITIVE RELATIONAL MAPS (FCRMS) BIMODEL 29 Chapter Four ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS FACED BY THE PWDS USING (SFCMS) 47 4.1 Application of FCMs Models to Social and Psychological Problems 48 4.2 Expert Opinion of PWDs using Special FCMs to Analyse the Problem of PWDs 50 4.3 The Expert Opinion of the caretakers of the PWDs using SFCM 59 4.4 The Expert Opinion of the NGOs working with the PWDs using Special FCM Model 62 Chapter Five THE STUDY OF INTERRELATED PROBLEMS FACED BY THE PWDS AND THE CARE TAKERS 73 5.1 Introduction 73 5.2 Experts Opinion from a Public Person Living in Melmalayanur Block 77 5.3 Expert Opinion of PWDs using FRMs 84 5.4 Expert Opinion of Caretakers of the PWDs using FRM 87 5.5 Expert Opinion of the NGOs working with the PWDs using the FRM model 93 Chapter Six ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS OF RURAL PWDs USING THE NEW FCRM BIMODEL 99 6.1 Expert Opinion of the Caretaker and a PWD using the ...

The present book covers a wide-range of issues from alternative hadron models to their likely implications in New Energy research, including alternative interpretation of low energy reaction (coldfusion) phenomena. While some of these discussions may be found a bit too theoretical, our view is that once these phenomena can be put into rigorous theoretical framework, thereafter more 'openminded' physicists may be more ready to consider these New Energy methods more seriously. Our basic proposition in the present book is that considering these new theoretical insights, one can expect there are new methods to generate New Energy technologies which are clearly within reach of human knowledge in the coming years....

In the preceding article we argue that biquaternionic extension of Klein-Gordon equation has numerical solution with sinusoidal form, which differs appreciably from conventional Yukawa potential. In the present article we interpret and compare this result from the viewpoint of EQPET/TSC model described by Takahashi. Further observation is of course recommended in order to refute or verify this proposition....

Peer-reviewers ii Abstract iii Preface by D. Rapoport iv Contents vi Foreword viii Prologue: Socio-economic impact of New Energy technologies xi Contributors to this volume xiv Short biography of Contributors xv Free energy and Topological Geometrodynamics 1. Nuclear string hypothesis – M. Pitkanen 1 2. The notion of free-energy and many-sheeted Space-Time concept – M. Pitkanen 44 3. Prediction and calculation of New Energy development – Fu Yuhua 111 4. Some unsolved problems in the physics of elementary particle – V. Christianto & F. Smarandache (PiP, vol. 3 no. 4, 2007) 127 5. About some unsolved problems in physics – M. Pitkanen 132 Beyond Standard Model, Unmatter and Yang-Mills Field 6. Bifurcations and pattern formation in particle physics: an introductory study – E. Goldfain (submitted to APS conference, 2008) 151 7. Dynamics of Neutrino oscillations and the Cosmological constant problem – E. Goldfain 168 8. Fractional dynamics and the Standard Model of Elementary particles – E. Goldfain (Comm. In Nonlin. Science and Numerical. Simulation, 2007) 176 9. A new possible form of Matter, Unmatter – formed by parti...

It is the purpose of this book to bring these cultural advantages into more focus, in order to bring into light some ‘human’ aspects of the country, and how these can be integrated into the broader context of economics development. At the end of the day, their achievements cannot be measured by economic progress alone, but also how the people can have the proper sense of meaning (i.e. ‘feel’ at home) in their own homeland, instead of being just another ‘bolt’ in the obsolete industrial engine of economics....

Jingshan Park: For an extraordinary and unforgettable view of Beijing and the Forbidden City, casually climb the steps to the top of the hill to the Wanchunting (Wanchun Pavilion), which overlooks this small park, directly opposite the North Gate of the Forbidden City. From this playground of Ming and Qing dynasty emperors for almost 500 years, you will be able to get a grasp on the great city that is China’s capital. On Sunday’s choral groups gather in the park to perform amateur Peking Operas, play musical instruments or to sing songs once beloved by the masses....

Abstract……………3 Foreword……………4 Contents……………6 Chapter 1. Cultural Advantage as an Alternative Framework: An Introduction ‐ by F. Smarandache & V. Christianto……………7 Chapter 2. Beijing: A Cultural Metropolitan – compiled, edited, augmented by Ke Haiying & F. Smarandache…………18 Chapter 3. The City of Hengshui – by Li Zhanbing……………38 Chapter 4. Ningbo — A Culture‐flourishing Land on the Shore of East China Sea – by Lin Rongchen……………53 Chapter 5. Jingdezhen: Porcelain Capital of the World – by Li Xiaomin……………66 Chapter 6. Haimen : Charming City ‐ by Wang Ping & Jiang He……………71 Chapter 7. Changsha: Cultural Name Cards – by Wang Peiyun & Tang Yuming……………82...

A common mistake in real and financial markets is a mix-up of means and ends. A showcase cropped up during the financial crisis of 2008 and its aftershock including the debt crisis in Southern Europe. In response to the fiasco, policymakers round the world wasted trillions of dollars worth of public funds on makeshift schemes that ended up hobbling the financial forum and the real economy. Upon closer inspection, however, the epic blowup was a consequence of excessive meddling in the markets rather than the outgrowth of a laisser-faire policy as was widely assumed in the public sector as well as the private segment. To make things worse, a confusion of the objectives and methods led to feckless and even wrackful moves in response to the financial flap along with the Great Recession and their aftermath. From a larger stance, a solid grasp of means and ends is the first step toward designing a cogent agenda in any domain....

In any field of human enterprise, a solid grasp of means and ends is the first step toward fixing up a worthwhile scheme while cutting down waste and beefing up productivity. The next step is to thrash out a trenchant plan that exploits the opportunities and avoids the pitfalls in the landscape. The third task is to put the resulting plan into action with gumption and dispatch. In the case of the debt crisis, the proper course would require a cogent agenda to ensure a speedy recovery of the financial forum and the real economy. On the downside, the damage done to date by the banksters and politicos is far too massive to allow for a quick or painless recourse. On the upside, though, the lack of a pat answer does not mean that there are no useful cures, or that the problems should be left to fester on their own. For there are baneful schemes as well as healthful ways to deal with the ailments. To this end, it’s high time to consider the big picture and take the high ground. As things stand, the politicians will not on their own initiative take up the gauntlet and tackle the problems in a serious way. In that case, the voting p...

Summary Private Gain and Public Mulct The Currency is Not the Debt The Currency is Not the Economy Muddle of Economic and Financial Factors Boons of Currency Union Contagion of Debt Political Factors Inflation as a Cure for Political Bungling Private Windfall and Public Largesse Noxious Impact of Misguided Schemes German Resolution to a Greek Tragedy Hale Approach to the Banking Industry Right and Wrong Ways to Boost the Economy Forward Gaze References ...

What is it that makes Kate Nicolaisen's life history so interesting? One of the answers is the way she tells it. Despite often having lived a hard life, particularly during her childhood, Kate Nicolaisen has never lost her optimism. Despite being wounded deeply by her nearest and dearest, she has herself been able to heal the wounds. Kate Nicolaisen's flair for storytelling rests on a solid foundation of socio-political understanding, great humanity, and a sharp sense for detail. Her joy of storytelling is almost musical, the dimensions are psychological, the contents earthy and realistic. The book contains aspects of the history of the social conditions of the 1910s, 20s, and 30s, including the relations between parents and children. The book also deals with the psychological aspects of the relations between father and daughter, and stepmother and daughter. And it touches on the use of art as therapy and release from the traumas of childhood. Its literary aspects include the use of the autobiography as a tool for self-development and the use of the folk story to find avenues into the past....

Over the "canal" was a bridge. When I sat on the bridge, I could reach the water with my feet. It felt like soft caressing when the water glided past. Here I could sit with my own thoughts . . . melancholy thoughts. I could see my own mirror image. My tattered dress, my thin fair hair, my eyes, by skinny arms - at the bottom of the stream. It all seemed to move in the rushing water. If I lay down at the bottom! Then I would feel the water caressing my entire body. Then father would come and find me. He would stand over the stream and see me like I saw my mirror image. He would become enraged! Maybe he would pick me up and start beating me. But I would no longer be able to feel the blows - his power over me would be broken!...

Birth, Father, Strussliden (1910-16), Klara, To Gammalstorp (1916), Life and death (1917), Mother going to hospital, Mother's coffin, The funeral, "Miss", "Miss" becomes Mrs., To Ballingslöv (1918), To Eslöv (autumn 1918), To Bjärnum (winter 1918), Clogs, Puppy love, To Duvemölla (1919), The river, Tunes, Everyday life in Duvemölla (1919-24), Domestic animals and pets, Downhill, Berries and flowers, Fish, The tailor, Uncle Persson, Potatoes (autumn 1923), At Ingrid and Jon's (1924), The surroundings, School days (1919-26), Our Lord, Father went berserk, Summer visitors, Playing, Mirror images, Hard times, Jane is born, New little sister, Salted herring and potatoes (1922), Uncle Erik, Spring 1923, The forest, The sow, The marksman, The blue suit, The Spanish flu, Tuberculosis, Canada, Father leaves, No father - no money, From Duvemölla to Lindborg's house, Summer job (1924), Making soup on a nail, Another move (autumn 1924), Gypsies, The birch grove, Income, Notice of home coming, Father returns, The America trunk, Dancing with father, Winding up, A bitter taste, Concert for two, The school, Auntie Emma, Father and Mary leaves, At E...

It is the argument of this paper that the Canadian government has not yet achieved its goals of women’s equality, elimination of child poverty and optimal national productivity due to an oversight in social policy that neglects the unpaid caregiving sector. The care of the sick, elderly, handicapped, dying and the young has been historically a female role and as women have moved into paid labor, this role has been devalued creating barriers both to those who try to juggle career and family and to those who for a time prioritize the caregiving side, with serious financial and social penalties. Arguments are noted from sociology, health, economics and feminist theory to support the claim that recognition of the care sector is a vital step to achieving equality and ‘best interests’ goals. The present justification for one-sided support of the care sector, focusing only on paid care is analyzed for its lapses in logic, its negatives stereotyping of the unpaid role and its motivations which may undermine the goals it seeks to achieve....

Up to 50% of our taxes & insurance premiums go to cover ‘lifestyle’ activities. Lifestyle is therefore the largest category of discretionary spending with the potential of reducing our costs by up to this same 50%. Lifestyle is also a far more accurate predicator of our future health care needs and social service requirements. This allows lifestyle to provide the best measure of planning & forecast over today’s ‘comparison shopping’ models. ROOPA highlights the number of savings and other advantages gained from this dual track of lifestyle and its corresponding social costs models. “The ‘social cost’ of obesity averages around $150 billion a year. This comes to about 10 cents per item (of junk food). Every soda pop, hamburger and candy bar will now have this 10 cent premium. The more soda you drink, the more you have already paid into your own health coverage for obesity. It’s the most affordable ‘pay as you go’ insurance plan. It cost a dime.”...

Contents RAGHU-NOMICS 4 1 ROOPA II 1 Health Care Reform Made Easy: Social Cost 1 Editors Copy 2 Prospectus 3 The 4 page ROOPA Pamphlet used for campaign run for Congress. 5 Raghu Giuffre for Congress 5 ROOPA: 5 50% of Taxes & Insurance Spent on Life Style 5 Excerpt: 5 Part I: 5 Part II: Solution: Pricing Social Costs 6 Insurance: Market Based Social Cost 6 Part III: $4 Trillion in Savings 7 Demo 2: Smoking Current Tobacco Policy: 7 ROOPA: Better Service for 50% Less 7 Captions 9 Virtue & Moral Posturing 9 Bi-partisan Policy 10 Tobacco 11 Tax Reform 11 Republican Tax Policy 11 Illicit Sex 12 Section I 20 ROOPA Theology 20 ROOPA Theology 21 Greater the Vice; Greater the Price 21 Economic Democracy 21 Premise 21 Net Result 22 Benefit 22 Advantage 22 End Result 22 Example 22 The Difference: Greater Cooperation 23 Public Policy Formula 23 True Free Market 24 Economic Democracy 25 Cost: $3.00 26 How to Start? 26 The ROOPA Coalition 27 Law Suits or ROOPA 27 Section II 28 Introduction 28 The ROOPA Journey 30 The Abyss of Political Activism & the Reforms Discovered 30 Section III 42 ROO...

The discovery found in looking over these proposals was this pattern of simply reviewing elements of each issue that both parties are familiar with, but have never taken the time to review more carefully. Ideology seems to be the reason for this and so made the stunning discovery that most of our problems are primarily due to the ideological death grip on our discourse and consideration. Simply moving beyond this political paradigm opens up to a vista of new options. Raghu-nomics is simply a demonstration of how much opportunity and potential solutions are there if we should simply get beyond the ideological framework confining our policy options....

Contents RAGHU-NOMICS 7 1 Beyond Two Party Politics 1 2012 Campaign Policy Review 1 Section 1 3 Home Page of Raghu-nomics website 3 Section 1 11 Chapter 1 11 Home Page of Raghu-nomics website 11 Solving Real Estate & Banking Crisis in just weeks. See video above. 11 Raghu-nomics: What it can do? 11 Beyond 2 Party Politics 14 Section 2 19 Chapter 1 19 Raghu for Congress 19 Section 2 20 Chapter 2 20 About Raghu 20 Section 3 26 Kingdom of Hawaii 26 Section 3 27 Chapter 1: 27 10 Reasons Why US Wants to Re-instate the Kingdom of Hawaii 27 Section 4 33 Health Care Reform: 33 ROOPA 33 Section 4 34 Chapter 1: 34 ROOPA: Responsibility for One’s Own Products & Actions 34 Magic bullet to Health Care Reform 34 ROOPA: 34 3 Page Summary 36 Part I: 36 The Problme - it's a Crap Shot 36 Part II: 37 Solution: Pricing Social Cost 37 Demo 1: Obesity 37 Part III: 39 $4 Trillion in Savings 39 Demo 2: Tobacco 39 Add Summary Chapters & Intro from Book, Economics: Hand of God, ROOPA Theology and The Abyss of Activism and the Wisdom Learned. 41 (Editor’s Note: . the ROOPA book was last written 5 years ago. We need to ...

On preservation of the Western rights, freedoms and quality of life in 21st century and beyond

Systemic approach to life of the highly cultured people provides them with higher level of happiness simply because their lives are better organized, risks are covered, reserves are maintained, dangers avoided, contacts established and so on so forth. Culture is not something that comes only with DNA, but genetic pre-disposition towards culture exists without doubt. Otherwise there would be no examples of people raising themselves above the scum they were born in and reaching high levels of society. Understanding of the elements of high culture, its systemic approach to organizing one’s life, can be practiced by virtually everybody. One just needs to want to elevate themselves and work towards that goal, which may involve getting better training and education, moving to a different neighborhood, getting a different job, spending time on more important things rather than on leisure, quitting drinking and smoking, refusing drugs, taking care of health, concentrating on the upbringing of the children and helping them in their adult life, babysitting grand-children, watching over quality of food supply and keeping the family ...

Table of Contents Introduction iii Table of Contents iv About this book ix Who should not read this book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Who is this book for? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Response to our critics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x About the authors xiii I What do we want to preserve and why? 1 1 Foreword 3 2 Measuring the quality of life 5 2.1 Individual happiness and self-fulfillment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Individual rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3 Social harmony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 Checks and balances 11 3.1 Acceptable personal risk and responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4 What is worth to fight for? 15 4.1 Security of the person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.2 Personal and societal wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . ....