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This book is the second of three volumes designed to provide a general history of the modern Hawaiian Kingdom. The first volume was published some years ago under the title, The Hawaiian Kingdom, 1778-1854: Foundation and Transformation. The third volume, which explores the years 1874-1893, deals with the reigns of Kalakaua and Liliuokalani, the expansive reciprocity era and the downfall of the monarchy. The present volume covers the middle period of the kingdom's history, between the close of the reign of Kamehameha III and the accession of Kalakaua. It was an important period with distinct and well-marked characteristics. The ideas of the kings and many of the influences at work differed significantly from those of the preceding and following reigns. But it has been comparatively neglected by students of Hawaiian history; relatively little has been written about it; and the noteworthy changes and advances which occurred during these years have received less attention than they deserve. In the present volume, an attempt has been made to get a truer perspective and to give a more adequate account of the developments of the period. T...

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The first attempts to establish steam navigation among the Hawaiian islands were made by men engaged in similar enterprises in California; they were part of a much larger movement. The expansion of the United States to the Pacific coast, the extraordinarily rapid settlement of California after the discovery of gold in that region, and the quick rise of San Francisco to a position of importance in the commercial and maritime world deepened American interest in the Pacific region and in the trade of eastern Asia. This led naturally to discussion of the subject of steam navigation in the Pacific. Steamships were soon placed in operation along the American coast, and tentative plans were made for steamship lines to cross the great ocean to Hawaii, to the Orient, and to the British colonies in Australia and New Zealand. Projects for the annexation of Hawaii to the United States were another result of the same expansion movement, and there appears to have been a relationship between the idea of annexation and at least one of the schemes for putting steamships into the interisland service. Immediately after the beginning of the gold rush ...

Table of Contents Details
Interisland Coasting Service. 3 -- Interisland Steam Navigation. 11 -- Transoceanic Transporation. 15 -- Harbor Improvements. 19 -- Land Travel. 23 -- Mail Service. 26 -- The New King. 33 -- Administrative Organization. 36 -- General Policy. 37 -- Mission of W. L. Lee. 39 -- Failure of the Reciprocity Treaty. 45 -- Great Britain and the Reciprocity Treaty. 47 -- New Treaty with France. 47 -- Quest for Security. 54 -- Hawaii's Neutrality in Time of War. 57 -- Hawaii and Japan. 66 -- The Queen's Hospital. 69 -- Leprosy. 72 -- Immigration. 75 -- The Royal Family. 78 -- Hawaiian Reformed Catholic Church. 84 -- Other Religious Developments. 99 -- Educational Developments. 106 -- Kamehameha III and the Constitution of 1852. 115 -- Amending the Constitution of 1852. 119 -- Death of Kamehameha IV and Accession of Kamehameha V. 124 -- Constitution of 1864. 127 -- Decline of Whaling Industry. 135 -- Growth of Sugar Industry. 140 -- Other Agricultural Activity. 149 -- Hawaii's Trade Balance. 163 -- Steamship Service: Interisland. 164 -- Steamship Service: Transoceanic. 168 -- Hotel and Public Works. 172 -- Government Finances. 175 -- Bureau of...

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This bibliography includes all known titles published in the Hawaiian language anywhere in the world between 1822 and the end of the century. The only items not listed are one-page broadsides, government documents, serials, sheet music, and programs for events such as concerts, royal functions, and the like. The work was begun in 1938 by Bernice Judd of the Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the suggestion of Dr. Clarence Brigham, director of the American Antiquarian Society. The original plan was simply to prepare a revision of Howard Ballou's 1908 bibliography. As the work progressed, however, it became evident that a mere revision was not practical, and a completely new bibliography was begun. Holdings recorded at that time were limited to those in libraries in Hawaii. When I undertook completion of the project in 1963, I decided to include additional information on each item and to recheck the local holdings, because most collections had grown considerably since 1938. Subsequently, I was able to add information on holdings of Hawaiian-language titles in libraries all over the world. In 1971 Clare Murdoch joined me in...

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The first chapter in the history of Hawaiian printing becomes primarily a resumé of the linguistic efforts of the early missionaries to the Sandwich Islands. To a researcher perhaps the most remarkable feature of the story is that the missionaries began their printing activities even before they had settled on a standard alphabet and orthography for the hitherto unwritten Hawaiian language. The members of the Sandwich Islands Mission sent from Boston by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions had arrived at Kawaihae armed with zeal, press, and printer, on March 30, 1820, and in Honolulu the following April 19. To their collective mind it was absolutely essential to have printed material available as soon as possible to reinforce their efforts in disseminating the gospel among the widely scattered communities of the island group. Consequently, as the oral language had to be converted to writing before any printing could be done, intolerable delay would be inevitable if the men of God were to wait until their studies became definitive. So they set to work almost immediately and in only two years completed the complica...

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Aunque la evolución de la delincuencia y la desviación responde a la dinámica de los acontecimientos sociales, económicos y políticos a nivel global, es posible que la criminología tenga un impacto positivo en este campo. Para lograr esta meta, será necesario desarrollar los cursos interdisciplinarios en criminología y justicia penal alrededor del mundo, adoptar programas y políticas basados en la recopilación y evaluación sistemática de evidencias, y convertirnos en criminólogos efectivos – no solamente en el ámbito científico, sino también en el mundo político. Actualmente, la criminología no es una disciplina madura y no estamos seguros sobre cómo responder al problema de la delincuencia. Carecemos de instrumentos de diagnóstico preciso, de un cuerpo de conocimientos definitivos, de una comprensión de causas y efectos, y de una serie de modalidades de tratamiento generalmente consistentes. En este sentido, los criminólogos se parecen en algo a los médicos del Siglo XVIII....

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This article suggests that while crime and deviance are subject to the dynamics of global socio-economic-political events, the field of criminology can have a marked, positive impact in this realm. To achieve this end, there is a need to advance interdisciplinary criminology/criminal justice education, to embrace systematic, evidence based program and policy evaluation, and to become effective political as well as scientific criminologists. Criminology is not a mature science at this point, and we are not certain how to systematically respond to the crime problem. We lack accurate diagnostic instruments, a definitive body of knowledge, an understanding of cause and effect, and we do not possess a series of generally consistent treatment modalities. In this context, criminologists are somewhat akin to physicians of the 18th century....

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Language is the fiber that binds us to our cultural identity. The UH Hilo College of Hawaiian Language, Ka Haka Ula O Keelikolani was established in 1997 by the Hawaii State Legislature to “serve as a focal point for the states efforts to revitalize the Hawaiian language through teacher training, undergraduate and graduate study of Hawaiian, community outreach, research and testing, use of technology, national and international cooperation, and the development of liberal education in Hawaiian for future generations of Hawaiian speakers. ” Named in honor of Ruth Keelikolani Keanolani Kanahoahoa, the 19th century high chiefess known for her strong advocacy of Hawaiian language and culture, the College models its operation primarily through an indigenous language. Building upon the vast repository of traditional knowledge passed down through generations, the College seeks to develop an academic curriculum emphasizing language acquisition, linguistics, traditional culture and education programs which are culturally responsive to the needs of the Hawaiian medium learning environment, and support a network of community outre...

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There will be a culturally enlightened Hawaiian nation, there will be a Hawaiian nation enlightened. The Native Hawaiian Education Council (NHEC) was established by Congress in 1994, and reauthorized as part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, Public Law 107-110, Title VII, Part B, also known as the Native Hawaiian Education Act. Among other things, this act authorizes the Secretary of Education to make a direct grant to the Education Council to coordinate the educational and related services and programs available to Native Hawaiians; to assess the extent to which such services and programs meet the needs of Native Hawaiians, and collect data on the status of Native Hawaiian education; to provide direction and guidance, through the issuance of reports and recommendations, to appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies in order to focus and improve the use of resources for Native Hawaiian education, and serve, where appropriate, in an advisory capacity; and to make direct grants, if such grants enable the Education Council to carry out the duties as prescribed by the Act. The NHEC is a twenty-five member, statewide...

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Preface. 11 -- Acknowledgements. 15 -- Na Honua Mauli Ola Guidelines. 17 -- Guidelines for Learners. 21 -- Guidelines for Educators. 33 -- Guidelines for Schools and Institutions. 45 -- Guidelines for Families. 55 -- Guidelines for Communities. 65 -- Na Honua Mauli Ola Action Plan. 77 -- Programs and Organizations Glossary. 79 -- Hawaiian Glossary. 81 -- English Glossary. 87 -- References. 89 --...

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Opportunity Many times we ask ourselves why so and so is able to amass a fortune, when at one point they were in the same situation as us? He wanted to succeed, that is why he made it. Follow me. It is not only the matter luck, and I’m not even a fan of it. Do you rely on luck to fulfill your dreams? It is said that “luck is where preparation meets opportunity”? You have to be prepared to utilize the opportunity that surrounds you -that is your luck. Never wait for luck to just show up. Do you catch my drift? Will you still continue to wait for “luck”? This book cost you money and I believe you bought it to make money or change your present situation. If you borrow it from someone it is for a purpose. Money is important whether you agree or not. If you doubt what I say try to ride a bus for free. Whatever your attitude may be towards money, you are right. If you don’t revere it, you will not get it. We often hear people say opportunity knocks but once. I want to run counter to that saying “What is opportunity in the first place”? According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is “a time or set of circumstances that makes it possible t...

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Do you want to reach the pinnacle of your profession? This book is practical and not theoretical. Have you had enough of unworkable theories? Unworkable theories are “myths of knowledge”. They do not create any effect or inspire change in people’s lives. Approach this book with a practical mind for all resources in it are practical. This book is a bank of ideas and thoughts. You don’t need an MBA to build a successful business. Nor do you need to become a techno guru before you can embark on any tech project. There are no insurmountable barriers that could prevent you from achieving your goal. A close friend of mine once joked that he was required to submit dozens of documents in order to open his LLC. In return, he expected a fancy name. However, the Registry Department just gave him a piece of paper with the words “General Director” printed on it. If you ask me ‘How can you be your own boss?’ I will ask you to go for the title of “general director”. That is to say, create your own LLC if you want to be free from your tyrannical boss. On the other hand, if you are looking for a job and can’t find one for yourself, create one so t...

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Table of content About the author 3 Introduction 3 PART I 4 CHAPTER 1 4 Let’s face it 4 CHAPTER 2 5 Doing more than just believing 5 CHAPTER 3 11 Run for the first place, not to be a runner-up 11 CHAPTER 4 11 Breaking the rules 11 CHAPTER 5 15 Entering the lion’s den 15 PART II 21 Chapter 6 21 The secret recipe for: 21 CHAPTER 7 29 The difference between dreamers and millionaires 29 PART III 32 CHAPTER 8 32 Starting a business 32 CHAPTER 9 39 Partner up 39 CHAPTER 10 41 Tailor an Agile team 41 CHAPTER 11 45 Scream louder 45 CHAPTER 12 50 Thriving in a cutthroat marketplace 50 CHAPTER 13 55 How to be unique in your market 55 CHAPTER 14 57 Funding 57 ...

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It is the purpose of this book to bring these cultural advantages into more focus, in order to bring into light some ‘human’ aspects of the country, and how these can be integrated into the broader context of economics development. At the end of the day, their achievements cannot be measured by economic progress alone, but also how the people can have the proper sense of meaning (i.e. ‘feel’ at home) in their own homeland, instead of being just another ‘bolt’ in the obsolete industrial engine of economics....

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Jingshan Park: For an extraordinary and unforgettable view of Beijing and the Forbidden City, casually climb the steps to the top of the hill to the Wanchunting (Wanchun Pavilion), which overlooks this small park, directly opposite the North Gate of the Forbidden City. From this playground of Ming and Qing dynasty emperors for almost 500 years, you will be able to get a grasp on the great city that is China’s capital. On Sunday’s choral groups gather in the park to perform amateur Peking Operas, play musical instruments or to sing songs once beloved by the masses....

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Abstract……………3 Foreword……………4 Contents……………6 Chapter 1. Cultural Advantage as an Alternative Framework: An Introduction ‐ by F. Smarandache & V. Christianto……………7 Chapter 2. Beijing: A Cultural Metropolitan – compiled, edited, augmented by Ke Haiying & F. Smarandache…………18 Chapter 3. The City of Hengshui – by Li Zhanbing……………38 Chapter 4. Ningbo — A Culture‐flourishing Land on the Shore of East China Sea – by Lin Rongchen……………53 Chapter 5. Jingdezhen: Porcelain Capital of the World – by Li Xiaomin……………66 Chapter 6. Haimen : Charming City ‐ by Wang Ping & Jiang He……………71 Chapter 7. Changsha: Cultural Name Cards – by Wang Peiyun & Tang Yuming……………82...

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The first edition of The Ahupuaa, published in 1979, was planned and developed by the Kamehameha Schools Hawaiian Studies Institute. It was the first publication undertaken by the institute, which was created in 1978 to consolidate the efforts of Hawaiian studies specialists from several Kamehameha programs. Kamehameha staff members Nuulani Atkins, Hooulu Cambra, Peter Galuteria, Donald D. Kilolani Mitchell, Gordon Piianaia, and Mahela Rosehill cooperated on research and writing. Their efforts were supplemented by Orpha Bernie, who provided clerical support; Fred Cachola, who authorized the project; Grady Wells, who coordinated printing; and Julie Williams, who created illustrations. The idea for this useful teaching text was inspired by a painting of an ahupuaa by Marilyn Kahalewai, who had been a graphic artist at Kamehameha. She painted a colorful picture of an ahupuaa which was used by Hawaiian Studies Institute staff as they visited schools throughout Hawaii. After becoming an independent artist and illustrator she was commissioned to paint a larger and more detailed version. The second painting, which measures four feet by s...

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In the time of umi, son of the great chief Liloa, the Hawaiian islands were divided into political regions. The four mokupuni (larger islands) of Kauai, Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii were divided into moku (districts). The smaller islands of Molokai, Lanai and Kahoolawe became moku of Maui and Niihau a moku of Kauai. For ease in collecting annual tribute the moku were subdivided into ahupuaa, land sections that usually extended from the mountain summits down through fertile valleys to the outer edge of the reef in the sea....

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This volume was compiled at the request of Scott Atkinson (on behalf of The Nature Conservancy), and Chipper Wichman (on behalf of Limahuli Gardens, The National Tropical Botanical Gardens and Hui Makaainana o Makana-Limahuli Garden ICMI Project), and includes excerpts from selected historical records, and oral history interviews with kupuna and elder kamaaina who are natives of, or familiar with the lands, fisheries and families of the Halelea-Napali region of Kauai (Figure 1). While including historical references to the larger districts of Halelea and Napali, the selected narratives cited in this volume pay particular attention to the lands of Wainiha, Haena, Limahuli and Kee. The work reported herein provides readers with access to several important sources of documentation pertaining to native Hawaiian use and management of land and fishery resources. Documentation from—traditional lore (some translated herein by Maly); native land records of the Mahele Aina, including documentation covering the period from ca. 1819 to 1855; the Boundary Commission Testimonies of native witnesses ca. 1870 to 1880; Kingdom and Government c...

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The primary focus of this study was the conducting of oral history interviews with individuals familiar with lands of the study area. The interviewees were born between ca. 1905 to 1936, and nearly all of them are tied to families with generations of residency in the Halelea-Napali region. A few interviewees, not born in the area, have personal knowledge of the lands, ocean and families of the region, dating back to the 1940s. All but one of the interviewees were brought up in families that worked the lands and fished in the traditional Hawaiian system, observing ancient customs and beliefs, and most fished as a means of survival and sustaining their families. Their recollections and descriptions of practices, span their own life-times, and draw on the knowledge and expertise of their own elders, dating back to the 1850s, and include references to native beliefs, traditions, customs and practices associated with land use and residency; the locations of fisheries and types of fish caught; and observations about the changing conditions of the resources....

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Introduction. 1 -- Background And Approach To Conducting The Study. 1 -- Moolelo ohana (Family Traditions In Oral History Interviews). 1 -- Interview Methodology. 1 -- Release Of Oral History Interview Records. 3 -- Contributors To The Oral History Interviews. 3 -- Historical Descriptions Of The Lands, Fisheries And Families In The Halelea And Napali Region. 5 -- An Overview Of Traditional Residency And Land-Ocean Tenure Practices. 5 -- Kauai Nui Moku Lehua Panee Lua I Ke Kai. 5 -- Disposition Of Lands: The Mahele aina And Development Of Fee-Simple Property And Fishery Rights (Ca. 1846-1855). 6 -- Fisheries Of The Halelea Region Described In The Mahele aina. 17 -- Halelea And Napali—Boundary Commission Testimonies (Ca. 1873-1882). 21 -- Boundary Of The Ahupuaa Of Lumahai. 21 -- Boundary Of The Ahupuaa Of Waioli. 24 -- Boundary Of The Ahupuaa Of Waipaa [Waipa]. 27. Boundary Of The Ahupuaa Ofhanalei. 29 -- Selected Native Traditions And Accounts Describing The Cultural Landscape, Use Of Land And Ocean Resources, And Residency. 34 -- Puuone (Dune-Banked Ponds). 34 -- George Bowser's "Directory And Tourists Guide" (1880). 34 -- H.M. Whi...

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What this Book is About? The 1990s decision of Thailand to transition some public universities towards autonomy retained overall accountability for government allocations while internal university matters were to be left to University Councils. An autonomous university in Thailand is defined as a government agency that receives a block grant, operates outside the government bureaucracy and is overseen by the Minister of Education. This includes freedom to determine salaries and staff benefits. The policy objective was to allow flexibility to increase fiscal and academic efficiencies. The process of moving from a finely detailed and inflexible government department budget to one managed according to a strategic plan requires skilled planning. This is the process described and analysed in this book. The book context considered the subjects of: universities as specific institutions; the origins and operations of Thai universities; specificities of the South of Thailand (where Thaksin University is located); modernization of the sector, and university budgeting and financial management. Upon being proclaimed autonomous in 2008 th...

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What this Book is About? 1 Chapter 1 Towards University Autonomy 5 Using Experience from Australia 6 Relative Funding Models 7 National Weighting 8 University Administration in Thailand 9 Chapter 2 How Universities are Different 15 A. Universities as Specific Institutions 15 Universities in Australia 18 Recent Reforms in Australia 20 Autonomy and Academic Freedom 22 B. Origins and Operations of Thai Universities 23 The Role of Universities in Thailand 26 Thai and Global Universities 28 C. Specificities of Southern Thailand 30 D. Modernizing Thai Universities 35 Meaning of Autonomy in Thai Universities 37 The Transitional Path 44 Relative Funding Models 46 National Weightings 49 E. Budget Management in Univerities 50 Governance and Centrality of Finances 50 Model for Budgetary Autonomy 52 Learning from the Corporate Sector 53 Performance-Based Budgeting 61 Budgeting Transitions for Autonomy 66 The Autonomous University 68 Chapter 3 Analyzing the Transition to Autonomy 73 Nar...

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In i870, the kingdom of hawaii faced a challenge: as a result of often poor surveying during the mahele process in the 1840s and 1850s, land records were chaotic. Uncertainty over boundaries and land ownership was a major hindrance to real estate sales, taxes, and the development of the kingdoms economy. Under the direction of the young William DeWitt Alexander, a new government agency was established to take charge of surveying and mapping operations in the country. The Hawaiian Government Survey (1870—1900) was an ambitious undertaking for the period. Although comparable agencies were well established in Europe by then, even the United States had not yet created an agency whose mandate was to map the entire country. Combining the best of a classical education, a pragmatic approach to problems, and a willingness to tackle rugged outdoor work in often miserable conditions, W. D. Alexander succeeded in shaping his small but dedicated staff into a mapping agency that achieved a remarkably high standard of proficiency. In doing so, Alexander made a decision that was both brave and wise, choosing not to emulate the work of European and ...

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By the late 1860s, private land ownership had replaced the traditional Hawaiian land tenure system, with profound and far-reaching effects on Hawaiian society. In the traditional Hawaiian system land was not owned outright by anyone but was held in stewardship for all the people by the alii ai moku, the highest ranking member of society. The alii ai moku granted the use of specific pieces of land to high-ranking alii (often referred to as chiefs), who in turn assigned parcels to be used by lesser alii or to individual families. The makaainana, or common people, paid rent to those above them in the hierarchy by giving a portion of the produce from their gardens and other resources gathered from the land and the waters and by contributing labor to projects for the common good. Recipients of such benefits kept some and passed the rest up the social and political chain. The alii in turn were obligated to carry out the many functions associated with any form of government....

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Beginning with the traditional history of the great chief ‘Umi and ending with the death of Kamehameha III in 1854, this volume covers the rediscovery of the Hawaiian Islands by Captain James Cook, the consolidation of the Hawaiian Kingdom by Kamehameha I, the coming of the missionaries and the changes affecting the kingdom during the first half of the nineteenth century. Originally, this history was written by Kamakau in Hawaiian as a series of newspaper articles in the 1860s and 1870s. The English translation is primarily by Mary Kawena Pukui. It offers more than a record of past events. It presents a scholarly interpretation of those events by a Hawaiian historian writing for Hawaiians about their culture and disappearing customs. He lived at a time when access to first-hand information about the ancient culture was still available yet needed explanation because his Hawaiian audience was growing increasingly removed from its own cultural past. He wrote with a remarkable memory, a strong intellectual curiosity and a skill for turning a phrase. Samuel Manaiakalani Kamakau was born in 1815 on the island of O‘ahu and died in Honolu...

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The first article, dated December 16, 1920, was entitled “A Tale of Kekuhaupi‘o, the Famous Warrior of the Era of Kamehameha the Great (Written for the readers of Ka Hoku o Hawaii).” The serial initially focuses on the story of Kekuhaupi‘o, an exceptionally strong and skillful Hawaiian warrior from Ke‘ei, South Kona. As with most noted warriors, he was a master in the ways of battle strategy and in understanding human nature in his enemies and allies alike. Kekuhaupi‘o advocated the importance of continued training to be always prepared for battle. He believed in heeding the omens of the gods of ancient Hawai‘i—spirits from whom victory or defeat was thought to spring. Kekuhaupi‘o was well versed in the many disciplines of Hawaiian warfare, particularly that of lua (a bone-breaking form of wrestling), and a master in the use of weaponry....

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The Young Kekuhaupi‘o. 1 -- A New Teacher.. 3 -- The Ailolo Ceremony.. 6 -- Luring the Niuhi Shark.. 9 -- The Niuhi Shark: Methods of Capture.. 11 -- Battling the Niuhi Shark. 13 -- Ailolo Offering and a Lua Contest.. 15 -- Ikoi, the Tripping Club, and Delegate Kuhio. 18 -- Demonstrating Ikoi.. 20 -- The Ikoi Contest and Return Home.. 23 -- Birth of Kamehameha I.. 25 -- Kekuhaupi‘o Becomes an Instructor.. 28 -- Battle of Kalaeokailio, Kaupo.. 30 -- Kalani‘opu‘u Again Takes War to Maui. 33 -- Kalani‘opu‘u Disregards his Kahuna. 35 -- Kekuhaupi‘o’s Adventure with Kamehameha on Maui. 38 -- Disaster at Kakanilua, Maui. 41 -- Slaughter on Maui. 44 -- Kiwala‘o Sent to Sue for Peace. 47 -- On Board Captain Cook’s Ship and the Thundering Cannon. 51 -- First Encounters with Europeans. 55 -- Kamehameha Sails with Cook. 59 -- Training for Battle in Kohala. 62 -- Kekuhaupi‘o Rebukes Kamehameha and Prepares for War. 65 -- Fighting at Hakalau. 68 -- Kekuhaupi‘o Kills Kaihe and Kamehameha Recalled to Kohala. 71The Naha Stone. 75 -- Kamehameha Moves the Naha Stone. 79 -- Kalani‘opu‘u’s Bequests. 82 -- ‘Imakakoloa Sacrificed. 85 -- Kuka‘ilimoku Give...

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All through life people will write you messages, email you, phone you, knock on your door and will give you messages you are not sure about. This book is about being aware of some of the tricks out there. Some messages are real. Many are not....

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Page Chapter Title 1 Introduction 3 1 The Love Note 4 2 Joke or Harm? 5 3 Forging a Signature 7 4 Pranks and Hoaxes 11 5 Reasons for the Con- The Game of it, Money 12 6 The Con Artist- Personality 16 7 The Victim- Personality 21 8 How the Con Artist Wins Trust 24 9 Names for the Trick, the Con 25 10 What the Con Artist is Called 26 11 Names for the Victim of the Trick 27 12 Pickpocketing 29 13 Counterfeit Money 34 14 Theft 43 15 Tricks People Use When They Sell You Things 55 16 Tricks Buyers Use Against You 58 17 Sob Stories 64 18 Cheques 71 19 Credit Cards 76 20 Credit Card Problems 78 21 Credit Card Fraud 87 22 Debit Cards 94 23 The Buddy/The Shill 98 24 Job Cons 105 25 Identity Theft 112 26 Where People Get Your ID 118 27 How People Get Things- Trade, Share, Borrow 136 28 Banking 144 29 Investing - How it Works 149 30 Investment Scams and Tricks 159 31 Insurance and How It Works 164 32 Insurance Fraud, Medical Fraud 174 33 Fraudulent and Misleading Contests, Races, Lotteries, Games 177 34 Fraud...

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Foreword It was agriculture that enabled human beings to become producers rather than hunters and gatherers, and in doing so to settle into communities. From these earliest settlements have developed the elaborate and complex societies of today. During all these millennia, we have tended to take agriculture for granted. This is unfortunate, and unfair by all those - farm men and women in the fields, scientists in their laboratories, and policy makers in parliaments and elsewhere, for instance - who have contributed to the development of agriculture; an enterprise that is as significant as it is exciting. The history of modern agriculture which has made possible the greatest leap in well-being that the human family has yet experienced, has seen the integration of research-based knowledge with traditional wisdom to bring about great improvements in agricultural varieties, farming techniques and management practices. The consequence of that “marriage” has been undreamed of increases of food productivity which served as the center of concentric circles of progress. Understanding that process and, more important, the substance that mad...

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Table of Contents List of Boxes ix Acknowledgments xi List of Acronyms xii Forward by Ismail Serageldin xiii To The Reader xv Chapter 1. NATURAL RESOURCES 1 Concern 1 The Underlying Resources 3 Land and Soil 3 Water 7 Atmosphere 12 Biodiversity 15 Forests 17 Management of Natural Resources 19 Chapter 2. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 23 The Development of Modern Agriculture 23 Population and Food 27 Future Food Demand 30 The Agricultural Environment 34 Irrigation Potential 36 Poverty 37 Investment 39 Sustainable Food Production 42 Sustainability and Image 45 People and Agriculture 47 Towards an Alternative Approach 51 Chapter 3. UNDERSTANDING AND EDUCATION: ENVIRONMENTAL EMPATHY 55 Awareness 55 Bread Baskets of the World 58 The Global Need 59 The Imperative of Education 60 Public Environmental Education 63 Changes in Agricultural Education 66 Information or Knowledge 70 Chapter 4. HIGHER EDUCATION IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES 75 Note: Page numbers may differ in e-version Why Higher Education? 75 6 The Alternative - “The Noble Savage” 79 Universities in LDCs 80 Natural Resource Management Education 82 Issues in Environmental Educat...

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The following collection of archival and oral historical records was researched and compiled by Kumu Pono Associates LLC, at the request of Ms. Ulalia Woodside, Land Legacy Resources Manager (Land Assets Division), of Kamehameha Schools. The research focused on two primary sources of information—historical literature, and summary of oral historical interviews with kupuna and kama?aina, known to be familiar with the history of Keauhou, and neighboring lands in the Districts of Ka?u, Puna, and Hilo, on the island of Hawai?i. The oral historical component of the study is based upon two historical interviews and a summary of an interview program conducted specifically for Hawai?i Volcanoes National Park between 1997 to 2000 (Langlas and Waipa, ms. 1997; and Langlas, 2003). The research brings a wide range (though not exhaustive) of historical references into one manuscript, with written accounts dating from the 1820s and oral historical accounts recalling traditions and personal experiences dating from the 1870s....

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Introduction. 1 -- Background. 1 -- Approach To Conducting The Study. 3 -- Historical Documentary Resources. 3 -- A Cultural-Historical Synthesis Of Keauhou And Neighboring Lands. 6 -- Native Traditions And Historical Narratives Of Keauhou And Vicinity. 9 -- Storied Place Names Of Keauhou. 9 -- 1. Na Moolelo (Native Traditions And Historical Accounts). 12 -- "He Meie I Kilauea". 12 -- He Wahi Puolo Lwi. 14 -- "Volcanic Manifestations—Pele". 16 -- Stone For Koi (Adze) Collected At Kilauea. 19 -- Battle Between Pele And Kamapuaa-The Naming Of Halemaumau. 19 -- Why The ohelo Is Sacred To Pele. 26 -- The Explosive Eruption Of Kilauea In 1790. 31 -- Kapiolanis Visit To Kilauea - Breaking The Kapu Of Pele (1823). 32 -- First Visit By Kamehameha Iii To Kilauea (1828). 33 -- Chiefess Bemice Pauahi Bishop's Visit To Kilauea In 1845. 33 -- Historical Accounts Of Kilauea And Attachment To Cultural Landscapes. 34 -- He Kanikau. 34 -- The Eruptions, Earthquakes And Tidal Waves Of 1868. 35 -- "Na Papahi Lei E Kini Kohu Ai"-Lei Of Lehua And Painiu Noted At Kilauea. 39 -- "Na Wahi Pana O Ko Kakou Lua Pele Kaulana" Storied Places Of Our Famous Volca...

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In this book the authors endeavor to provide the people of the State of Hawaii with a glossary of important place names in the State, including names of valleys, streams, mountains, land sections, surfing areas, towns, villages, and Honolulu streets and buildings. The first edition of Place Names of Hawaii contained only 1,125 entries. The coverage is expanded in the present edition to include about 4,000 entries, including names in English. Individual entries have been lengthened, especially for important places or those rich in legendary or historical associations, for example, Io-lani, Ka-huku, Ka-lihi, Ka-wai-a-Ha o, Moana-lua, and La Pérouse. As in the earlier volume, meanings of the Hawaiian names are given when possible, as well as background information and, in some instances, references that may be consulted for verification and further information. Approximately 800 more names are included in this volume than appear in the Atlas of Hawaii (see References). The difference is due to the inclusion here of names of surfing areas, streets, and buildings, and of rocks and spots for which legends exist. The names in the Gloss...

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Glossary. 1 -- Hawaiian words used in the Glossary. 3 -- Abbreviations used in the Glossary. 4 -- Glossary. 5 -- Appendix. 235 -- Previous studies of place names. 235 -- Sources consulted. 237 -- Sound changes and the need for salvage. 238 -- New names. 241 -- Structural analysis. 243 -- Semantic analysis. 253 -- Words of non-Hawaiian origin and names of streets and buildings. 263 -- Connotative values of place names. 266 -- Names found elsewhere in Polynesia. 277 -- Representation of the lexicon and the grammar in the place names. 280 -- References. 281 --...

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The year 2005 has been a pivotal time for Native Hawaiians. As a community, we have come together with a heightened purpose and passion for what it means to be an indigenous people. This is critical in light of persistent legal threats to Hawaiian institutions such as Kamehameha Schools, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands. As Hawaiian issues gain momentum locally and nationally, one thing is clear: The Hawaiian voice matters, and that voice is growing. Understanding and amplifying the native voice is a central objective of Hulili: Multidisciplinary Research on Hawaiian Well-Being. This second volume of Hulili(bridge or ladder) brings together ancestral knowledge of the past and current issues that affect Hawaiians today. We lead off with the manao (ideas, thoughts) of Pualani Kanahele and Kekuni Blaisdell, shared at the 2004 Research Conference on Hawaiian Well-Being held at the Kamehameha Schools Hawai’i Campus. Other articles from emerging and established voices take readers through a spiritually and intellectually challenging terrain that goes from the sunrise at Kumukahi to the heig...

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Kanaka means human being. Maoli means true, real, genuine. We have relearned that it also means to come from the aina, the land, and to return to the aina. Aka (yet), aina is more than lepo, the soil, for aina means “that which feeds. ” No laila, aina is Papa, our Earth Mother, including wai (all waters), kai (all seas), Ka Moananui (Oceania), and beyond. Aina is also Wakea, our Sky Father, ea (air), lani (all heavens, all suns, all moons and all stars), and beyond. Our oldest and longest mele (poetic composition; song), He Kumulipo, also tells us that from the mating of these dual primordial forces, Papa and Wakea, come everything in our sacred cosmos. Since we all have the same parents, we are all ohana (family). Since Papa and Wakea are living, everything is living, conscious, and communicating. We include the wind, rain, light, shadows, rocks, fire, and sounds. We have relearned that all of the natural elements are laa (sacred). No laila, we cannot destroy, degrade, contaminate, pollute, and waste. We must protect, conserve, preserve, restore, and sustain our laa environment for all hanauna (generations) to come. * ...

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I Hea Na Kanaka Maoli Whither the Hawaiians-Kekuni Blaisdell. 9 -- I Am This Land and This Land Is Me -Pualani Kanahele. 21 -- Issues and Processes in Indigenous Research -Peter Mataira, Jon K. Matsuoka, and Paula T. Morelli. 35 -- The Moolelo (Story) of Teachers Learning and Teaching Hawaiian-Culture and Space Science: New Opportunities Through Minority-Initiatives in Space Science (NOMISS)-Alice Kawakami and Nani Pai. 47 -- Family and Society-Reflections of an "Always Already" Failing Native Hawaiian Mother: Deconstructing Colonial Discourses on Indigenous-Child-Rearing and Early Childhood Education-Julie Kaomea-. 77 -- A Profile of Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian Women Incarcerated in a Community Residential Transition Program-Sylvia Yuen, Allison Hu, and John Engel. 97 -- Perceptions of Family and Health Support Services for Native Hawaiian Children and Families: Findings from Community Evaluations -Marika N. Ripke, Kana Taniguchi, and Kanani Aton. 113 -- Education-Through One Lens: Sources of Spiritual Influence at Kamakakuokalani Kanalu G. Terry Young. 135 -- Making Meaning: Connecting School to Hawaiian Students’ Lives -Lois A. Y...

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Welina mai! Welcome to the inaugural issue of Hulili, a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal on Hawaiian well-being. The word hulili is defined as “ladder, bridge, as to scale a cliff or cross a gully” (Hawaiian Dictionary, Pukui & Elbert, 1986, p. 89). Our vision for Hulili is to create a multidisciplinary forum for current research that examines the nature, needs, and strengths of Hawaiians, their families, and their communities. We believe that through collaboration and critique, Hulili will foster new connections and shared insights and mobilize greater Hawaiian well-being. The seeds of this work were planted last year at Kamehameha Schools’ first annual research conference on the education and well-being of Hawaiians. The Policy Analysis & System Evaluation (PASE) department at Kamehameha Schools planned and hosted the three-day event that brought together researchers, educators, and other professionals from various fields dedicated to improving Hawaiian well-being. The result was a powerful exchange of current findings, recent data, and new challenges from areas including health, medicine, education, social work, e...

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The Economy: A Western Tool to Achieve Our Native Goals-Robin Puanani Danner -- 7 -- Indigenous Heuristic Action Research: Bridging-Western and Indigenous Research Methodologies-Ku Kahakalau -- 19 -- Where Can We Collectively Be That Is Greater Than Where We Are Now?-Maenette K. P. Benham -- 35 -- Identity and Diversity in Contemporary Hawaiian Families:-Ho?i Hou i ka Iwi Kuamo?o-Shawn Malia Kana?iaupuni -- 53 -- A Macro Portrait of Hawaiian Families-Ivette Rodriguez Stern, Sylvia Yuen, and Marcia Hartsock -- 73 -- Factors Affecting Choice of Kith and Kin Care by Families-Receiving Child-Care Subsidies -- 93 -- Issues Central to the Inclusion of Hawaiian Culture in K-12 Education-Alice J. Kawakami -- 111 -- Best Practices in a Hawaiian Kindergarten: Making a Case-for Na Honua Mauli Ola-Lisa S. Goldstein and Lilinoe Andrews -- 133 -- Modern Hawaiian Migration: Brain Drain or Brain Gain?-Nolan J. Malone -- 149 -- Hawaiian Children’s Developmental Understanding of Race and Culture-Stephen M. Quintana, Elissa Chun, Salynn. Gonsalves,-William D. K. Kaeo, and Lahela Lung -- 173 -- No ke Ola Pono o ka Lahui Hawai?i:-The Protection and Perp...

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Appreciation is hereby expressed to the Works Progress Administration for cooperation obtained through Project 507 which provided much of the clerical, statistical and cartographical assistance entailed in the preparation of this report and other data to be coordinated and released in subsequent reports; and, to the many Collaborators whose spontaneous response to the Territory’s needs in planning has furnished guidance and inspiration in this our First Progress Report....

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There is hereby created a Territorial Planning Board consisting of nine members. The Superintendent of Public Works, the President of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry and the Federal Public Works Administrator or in the event there is no Public Works Administrator then the Federal representative of Public Works who shall be designated by the Governor shall be ex-officio members of the Planning Board. The other six members of the Planning Board shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Two of the appointive members shall serve for a term of one year, two for a term of two years, and two for a term of three years, and one of the appointive members in his appointment shall be designated as chairman. Upon the termination of such initial terms the members shall serve for a term of four years in each case. The appointive members shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified. Any vacancy occurring before the expiration of a term shall be filled for the unexpired term. At least one of the members of said Board shall be an architect and at least one of the members ...

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Authors rarely have the privilege, after twenty-five years, of revising a work of considerable size. We are grateful to have had this privilege, because the need for a complete revision of the Hawaiian Dictionary has long been evident, judging from the response of scholars and of many other readers, not only in Hawai?i, but from all parts of the world. Work of revision, begun in 1972, has taken so long that the compilers often wondered if they would live to see the final form of this labor of love. In this preface we review the additions and changes that have been incorporated in this latest edition. About 3,000 new entries have been added to the Hawaiian-English section, bringing the total number of entries in that section to about 29,000. Almost certainly it is the largest and most complete of any Polynesian dictionary. Partly because of the increased interest in Hawaiiana, many books have appeared since the first edition was compiled in the early 1950s. Those sources most productive of new entries and additional meanings of old entries include the following (see the References for bibliographic details): Handy and Pukui 1958, Ii...

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In the revised dictionary we have attempted to credit Greek, Hebrew, and Latin as sources of many loan words in Hawaiian, drawing on Elbert and Knowlton's unpublished paper (1985) that lists words probably from Greek (mostly in the New Testament), Hebrew (mostly in the Old Testament), and Latin (mostly of non-Hawaiian animals and terms for Christian services). We found that the meanings of Hawaiian words in the King James Version (KJV) differed considerably from those in the Revised Standard Version (RSV) of 1946–1952 (Old Testament) and 1971 (New Testament). In such cases both definitions are given, the RSV meanings appearing first, as presumably based on later research. There is no assurance that all such differences in the two versions are noted. In the table below are listed a few of the many words from Greek, Hebrew, and Latin with RSV glosses that differ from KJV glosses. Notice that in every case the alternate spelling (with non-Hawaiian letters) clearly reflects the source language. Notice also that the Hawaiian loan words of Greek origin in this short list end in o; this is probably because of the frequency of Greek w...

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After a tragedy in her family, Lucy Snow leaves her home to become a teacher at a French boarding school. Lucy soon begins to fight against an overwhelming sense of desolation. Meeting a charming doctor and a strict, peculiar schoolmaster changes her life forever-- and threatens to break her spirit. (summary by heatherausten)...

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Romance