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... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8 WORLD WAR II: EUROPE—THE STRATEGIC BOMBING DIMENSION . . . . . . . . . .33 9 WORLD WAR II: EUROPE—THE TACTICAL AIR CAMPAIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 10 WORLD WAR II: EUROPE—NAVAL AVIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11 WORLD WAR II: ROYAL AIR FORCE . . . .45 12 WORLD WAR II: SOVIET AIR FORCE . . ...

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...Minelaying by the U.S. Army Air Forces (AAF) had to overcome the absence of doctrine, serious questions of service autonomy, and preconceptions about naval and air force traditional roles. Though this initially unappreciated weapon gained considerable a...

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.............3 Theory and History Mines and How They Worked 2. WORLD WAR II AERIAL MINELAYING IN EUROPE............7 First Use by Germany The Royal Air Force Fights Back 3. MINELAY’ING IN JAPAN’S "OUTER ZONE" -1942-1945............10 Early Plans and Capability U.S. Navy Submarine and Surface Laid Mines Air Operations Minelaying by Naval Aviation 4. AAF MINELAYING I...

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...A new ASAT policy seems appropriate as the US faces an entirely new, but uncertain, threat with the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the rise of a multipolar world. Analyzing the ASAT debate from the past and the dynamics of the emerging space environment and threat can help in formulating that new ASAT policy—a continued ASAT research and...

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...dering ASAT’s Need . . . . . 14 Summarizing the Early Days . . . . 14 Notes . . . . . 15 4 THE SOPHISTICATION OF THE ASAT CONTROVERSY . . . . 17 Soviets Initiate an ASAT Program . . . . . . 17 Revitalizing the US ASAT—The Carter “Two-Track” Policy . . . . . 18 Soviet Initiatives—And the Reagan Response . . . 20 Soviet Satellites—How Threatening Are They . . . 21 ...

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...1 Giulio Douhet and the Origins of Airpower Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Col Phillip S. Meilinger 2 Trenchard, Slessor, and Royal Air Force Doctrine before World War II . . . . . . . . 41 Col Phillip S. Meilinger 3 Molding Airpower Convictions: Development and Legacy of William Mitchell’s Strategic Thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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...In 1989 years of Soviet control over political, economic, and military systems had left Poland unprepared to significantly contribute to NATO. However, Poland accepted the challenge of building a capable air arm for NATO as it began to reform...

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...ough?: The Control of Strategic Airspace, 1939–1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 John McCarthy World War II: Air Support for Surface Forces 85 Vincent Orange World War II: The Bombing of Germany . . 107 Richard J. Overy Definite Limitations: The Air War in Korea 1950–1953 . . . . . . . 143 Jeffrey Grey The Air War in Vietnam:...

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...pt of “deep battle” was formally introduced to US war fighters during the early 1980s through the US Army’s AirLand Battle doctrine. As envisioned by Air Force and Army leaders, the initial purpose for the deep battle was to delay and weaken Soviet second and follow-on echelons during a European conventional war. Within the AirLand Battle construct, the Air Force had res...

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... . . . . . 5 2 EVOLUTION OF DEEP-BATTLE DOCTRINE DURING THE COLD WAR . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Evolution of AirLand Battle Doctrine . . . . . . 7 Air Force Doctrine and Deep Battle . . . . . . . 11 Evolution of the Fire Support Coordination Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

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...y doctrine in light of the lessons they say they learned from the Gulf War. Since the early 1980s, such prominent military thinkers as Marshal of the Soviet Union N. V. Ogarkov argued that emerging technologies were generating a new revolution in military affairs. The Russian military doctrinal response to Desert Storm seems to confirm Marshal Ogarkov’s predictions. This t...

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...Y DOCTRINE . . . . 7 Relationship between Military Doctrine and Strategy . . . . 8 Military Doctrine—Military Art—Operational Art—Tactics . . . .9 Soviet/Russian Military Doctrine Evolution . . . . 9 Soviet Military Doctrine Stereotype . . . . . 16 Notes . . . . . . 19 3 RUSSIAN IMPRESSION OF THE GULF WAR . . . . . . 23 Strategy . . . . . 24 The Threat . . . . . . ...

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...This book examines the German air force (GAF) monograph project, also known as the Karlsruhe project, through which the US Air Force employed former Luftwaffe generals to record the history of World War II from the German perspective....

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... PROJECT (1952–69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Stepchild of the Army’s History Program . . . 18 Topic Selection and the Prioritization of Soviet Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Assignment of Key Personnel and Early Research Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Documentary Sources Become Available, 1954 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 3 EISENHOWER ACT II: FORGING A NASA-DOD RELATIONSHIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 To Compete with the Soviet Union . . . . . . . 93 Space for Peace? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Air Force Philosophy Made Little Headway . 109 The NASA-DOD Relationship Phase I . . . . .111 ARPA’s Space Role Fades . . . . . . . . ...

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...easons, it is imperative that we understand the utility and limitations of military power applied to crisis situations in the third world. Land based air power is of particular importance in rapidly developing crises because of its range of action and speed of response . Dr Mets' study focuses on land-based air power in a variety of these situations over the past three dec...

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...OWER: SOME RELATIONSHIPS . . . . . . . . . .1 Crisis Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Categories and Characteristics of Military Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Land-Based Air Power Capabilities . . . . . . . . 3 Options in Selecting Land-Based AirPower. . . .5 Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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...rra Leone 218 Singapore 219 Solomon Islands 220 Somalia 221 South Africa 223 Soviet Union 224 Spain 226 Page Sri Lanka 228 Sudan 230 Suriname 231 Swa... ... the Caribbean IV. South America V. Europe VI. Middle East VII. Africa VIII. Soviet Union, East and South Asia IX. Southeast Asia X. Oceania XI. Arcti... ...n) UAE United Arab Emirates UK United Kingdom US United States USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) YAR Yemen Arab Republic (North ... ...ingualism Life expectancy: men 42.53, women 40.87 (1986) Literacy: 12% Labor force: 4.98 million (1980 est); 67.8% agriculture and animal husbandry, 1... ...ublic of Afghanistan Type: Communist regime backed by multidivisional Soviet force Capital: Kabul Administrative divisions: 29 provinces with centrall... ... natural gas, 180 km Ports: 3 minor river ports (Shir Khan is largest) Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 42 total, 34 usable; 12 with p... ....); 5 AM and no FM stations, 1 TV station, 1 earth satellite station Defense Forces Branches: Armed Forces, Air and Defense Forces, border guard force... ...TV station, 1 earth satellite station Defense Forces Branches: Armed Forces, Air and Defense Forces, border guard forces, Defense of the Revolution Fo... ...s 29.2 million metric tons/km (1983) Ports: 1 major (Durre's), 3 minor Civil air: none Airfields: 10 total; 6 with runways 2,500 m or longer Telecommu...

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...ade Panama to depose the latter and to molest Iraq for the second time in order to force the removal of the former. The Kosovo Liberation Army, an ... ...y do. And what they do is meddle, often unilaterally, always ignorantly, sometimes forcefully. Elsewhere, inevitable unilateralism is mitigated by ... ...ually known that it will protect its citizens and defend its assets, if need be by force. Indeed, America's - and the world's - best bet are a rev... ...hird and fourth are mainly economic, cultural and military. In an echo of defunct Soviet and Euro-left conspiracy theories, the paper insists that... ... power, vying for real estate first with Spain in Latin America and later with the Soviet Union all over the world. The Marshall Plan was a ploy to... ...nd for cosmopolitanism. They erroneously believe that feigned sarcasm lends them an air of ruggedness and rich experience and the virile aroma of d... ...bestowed on his anti-Russian outfit - before he was dumped unceremoniously once the Soviets retreated from Afghanistan. Normally the outcomes of ex... .... It was Tanai's defection that provided the Taliban with Soviet artillery, Soviet air force, Soviet intelligence and Soviet technical and military... ...service chief Mohammed Akbar used to head a department of the Khad. And the Taliban air force commander Mohammed Gilani was a communist general, to...

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...eed lor COMSEC (Communications Security) is more than a postulate-a deliberate, laige, competent force hu been identified whose mission is the exploit... ...tionsthrough their interceptionand analysis. It is important to understand at the outset why the Soviet Union (u well as all other m.;or countries) is... ...s is by no meBDS intended .. an indictment of the fourth estate-it is merely illustrative of why Soviet intelligence would rather have the contents of... ...d profitable intercept activity di­ '-::rected against us. This does not mean, however, that the Soviets or anybody else can intercept all :na communi... ...assert, is healthy because you, a mere handful, are tasked with outthinking an opposing analytic force of rhaps 100 times your number who are just as ... ...aboratof)' or something; but it'••U one cipher machine. It was caUed SIGSALLY. Ityou counted the air-conditioners that had to 10 with it• . it weil(he... ... patible among themselves. In the case of aircraft requirements, there'l aD old ..yinc t&.-t the Air Force win reject any system unlesa it has no weig... ...ible among themselves. In the case of aircraft requirements, there'l aD old ..yinc t&.-t the Air Force win reject any system unlesa it has no weight, ... ...modest amount of apace: ita power lapplia and the diPtaliun for speech that use up the room. The Air Force did live thatsmall eqWpmeDt, the KY-8. a go...

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...e to sign, what Stevens had called a 'Treaty', that the land would be taken by force. His people were not warriors like the Apache, though his brav... ...he gnarled hand flicked the silver fish onto the flat rock. The fish gasped for air and then, after a moment, lay still. The old Chief lifted the si... ...of the land? The idea is strange to us .. .Ifwe do not own the freshness of the air and the sparkle of the water, how can you buy them? Every part o... ...ul Bearer But his stubbornness and over-riding sense of obligation to duty had forced him further away from her, and above all, into be­ coming a cr... ... Hawk poked his head inside and the sensuous smell of lilac sifted through the air. He closed his eyes for an instant, inhaled deeply and smiled. R... ...d in a clump of rocks. For a moment he stared, transfixed by the firelight. He forced himself to look away, his eyes adjusted to the night, and he ... ...ll walked over to the window and sipped on his bour­ bon and continued "When the Soviet Union and the US had their nuclear arsenals aimed at each oth...

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...nental Ballistic Missile-ICBM . .68 The Cruise Missile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 The Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarine SSBN. . 72 SAC Alert Force Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Boomer Patrol Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 88 4 FUN, GAMES, AND SERIOUS BUSINESS . . . .93 Combat Crew Duty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 SAC Bombing Competition . . . . . ...

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...omplex process:  We contract muscles to squeeze the rib cage and push air out from our lungs through the windpipe (trachea).  Then the air en... ... box (larynx) that lies well below the back of the tongue.  There, the air flows up between the vocal cords to produce a buzzing sound that becom... ...out five million years ago separate our ancestors from other primates and force them to live in flooded, swampy areas? Based on a theory develope... ...at, Tongue, And Lips Harmonize? Biologist Hardy contended that primates—forced from the forest by competition— moved to the seashore to search for ... ...e back of the nose. With the larynx in that position, most of the exhaled air passes out through the nostrils, resulting in mostly nasal sounds. ... ...ereus lusted for Philomela on the voyage. When they arrived in Thrace, he forced her to a cabin in the woods and raped her. The defiant Philomela ... ...e race to outer space with its launch of Sputnik, followed closely by the Soviet‘s first intercontinental ballistic missile test. President Eisenhow...

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........................................................................................................................ 27 POWER AS A MOTIVATING FORCE ... ...cles. Each recognizes similarities in our functions--but each emphasizes a different part. So Sigmund Freud saw pleasure as the major driving force ... ...ith our conscious minds what might be influencing us and others. ―Our behavior is directed by a combination of conscious and unconscious forces... ...f-actualization.‘ These needs Maslow called the meta needs. ‗Meta‘ is from the Greek word meaning ‗highest‘ ―The physiological need for air is... ...onscious or the unconscious mind, they express powerful needs. But even these needs have a priority. If I am being suffocated, my drive to get air wi... ...ad rage where a driver uses his car to express his anger against one and all. ―Buying clothes and accessories that carry with them an air of... ...e a societal hypothesis! ―At the bottom of the happiness scales we have such countries as Zimbabwe, Congo and Burundi and the former Soviet...