...HE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992... ...Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998) 63 3. COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES 71 3.1 From t... ...istration’s Approach 203 7. THE ATTACK LOOMS 215 7.1 First Arrivals in California 215 7.2 The 9/11 Pilots in the United States 223 7.3 Assembl... ...17/04 5:25 PM Page ix Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page x Thomas H. Kean chair Richard Ben-Veniste Fred F . Fielding Jamie S. Gorelick Slade Go... ...gainst African Christian separatists in southern Sudan and also to do some road building.T urabi in return would let Bin Ladin use Sudan as a base for... ... plan to bomb major New Y ork landmarks, including the Holland and Lincoln tunnels. Disrupting this “landmarks plot,” the FBI in June 1993 arrested Ra... ...or Afghanistan’s warring factions in a project by the Union Oil Company of California (UNOCAL) to build a pipeline across the country. While there was... ...ficers suggested that the tribals would prefer to try a raid rather than a roadside ambush because they would have better control, it would be less da... ...to access the WTC.The NYPD and PAPD coordinated the closing of bridges and tunnels into Manhattan. 72 PAPD Initial Response The Port Authority’s on-si...

... a Homeland Defense 14 1.3 National Crisis Management 35 2. THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin?s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988?1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992?1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda?s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996?1998) 63 3. COUNTERTERR...