तुङदुङ्‍गे मुन्धुम किरात लिम्बू समुदायको सांस्कृतिक सम्पदा हो। यो किरात समुदायमा विशेष गरी साँबा जातिको पैत्रिक पूजा हो। यसलाई आख्यान भन्‍न सकिन्छ। यस पुस्तकमा आख्यालाई ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमिमा खोज्ने काम भएको छ। यहाँ प्रमाण र सिद्धान्तका आधारमा आख्यानको विश्‍लेषण गरिएको छ। सामाजिक जैविक नमूनाका सैद्धानितक धरातलमा आख्यानलाई तर्किक निष्कर्षमा पुर्‍याइएको छ। एक सांस्कृतिक आख्यानमा रहेको तुङदुङ्‍गे मुन्धुमलाई आख्यान वा परम्परामा मात्र सीमित नराखेर त्यसलाई मानवशास्त्रीय दृष...

मुन्धुमः किरात जातिको परम्परागत ज्ञान हो। उनीहरू यसलाई आध्यात्मिक शक्ति मान्दछन्। मुन्धुमलाई किरातजन आर्यको वेदसरह आस्था गर्ने गर्दछन्। त्यसैले मुन्धुमी ज्ञानले नै किरात समुदायको धार्मिक तथा सांस्कृति पथप्रदर्शन गरेको हुन्छ। यसैले मुन्धुम किरात समुदायको जीवन दर्शन हो। मुन्धुमलाई किरात समुदायका विभिन्‍न आदिवासीका जनजीब्रोले आफ्नोपन थपिदिएको छ। मुन्धुमलाई किरात लिम्बूले मुन्धुम, राईले ‘मुन्दुम’, ‘मुदुम’, ‘दिउला’ भन्‍ने गर्दछन्। त्यसै गरी मुन्धुमलाई किरात सुनुवारले ‘मुक्द...

Tungdunge Mundhum is a cultural heritage of the Kirat Limbu community. It is an ancestral worship in the Kirat community, especially of the Samba clan. It can be called a mythology. This study aims to look scientifically at the knowledge, values , and beliefs hidden within the civilization. In this book, there is a task to find the story in the historical background. Here, the narrative is analyzed based on evidence and theory. The description is brought to a logical c...

Mundhum is a traditional knowledge of Kirat. It is considered a spiritual power. So, Mundhum represents and guides Kirat as a religious and cultural path. So this is their philosophy of life. They believe in Kirat Mundhum, like the Vedas of Arya. The Kirat Limbu community considers Mundhum as a religious belief and holy book. Mundhum is a long-established text passed down wisdom orally through centuries. The distinctive dialects of the many Kirat clans have given Mundhu...

सूचना, तथ्य, ज्ञानको क्रमबद्ध सङ्कलन, विश्‍लेषण र प्रस्तुतीकरणलाई सामान्य भाषामा अध्ययन भनिन्छ। तर यसले मात्र अध्ययनको परिभाषा पूर्ण हुँदैन। विद्यमान सूचना, ज्ञानको आधारमा तर्कपूर्ण विश्‍लेषण सहितको नयाँ ज्ञान हासित, सिद्धान्त प्रेरितीकरण वा निर्माणलाई अनुसन्धान भनिन्छ। नयाँ अवधारणा, विधि र बुझाइ सहित अनुसन्धान गर्ने गरिन्छ। यसलाई सजिलै बुझिने भाषामा भन्‍नुपर्दा कुनै ज्ञान र सिद्धान्तमाथि तार्किक तर्क राख्नु नै शोधको मूल मान्यता हो। तर्कवितर्कबाट निस्कने ज्ञानलाई पुनः ...

नेपालमा राजनीतिक रूपमा किरात भन्नाले राई, लिम्बू, याक्खा र सुनुवारलाई बुझाउँछ। भाषाशास्त्रमा किरात भन्नाले भोट–बर्मेली भाषा बोल्ने नेपाल, भारत, भुटान, म्यानमार (बर्मा) का जनजाति तमाम् महाकिरातलाई जनाउँछ। जसअनुसार माथि उल्लिखित चार जाति बाहेक मगर, गुरूङ, तामाङ, कोच, मेच, नागा लगायतका भोटबर्मेली भाषा परिवार बोल्ने जनजाति पर्दछन्। किरातको ऐतिहासिक अर्थ समूहगत रूपमा गढ बनाएर बस्‍ने जाति हो। संगठित भएर बस्‍ने मानिसका रूपमा चिनिएका जनसमूह त्यसबेला किरात नामले चिनिए। (The New...

Human existence is believed to be incomplete without the enrichment of culture. Some individuals wholeheartedly immerse themselves in their cultural surroundings, while others observe from a distance. The ancient Kirat civilization of Nepal predates any religious texts we have. Unfortunately, their profound cultural wisdom has primarily faded, leading to a disheartening void in our understanding of ancient knowledge. The plight of the tribal communities in the land nu...

Kirat politically refers to the Rai, Limbu, Yakkha and Sunuwar ethnicities in Nepal. In linguistics, Kirat refers to the Mahakirat, a tribe of Nepal, India, Bhutan, and Myanmar (Burma) that speaks the Tibeto-Burman language. Apart from the four ethnicities mentioned above, many ethnicities speak the Tibeto-Burman language family such as Magar, Gurung, Tamang, Koch, Mech, Naga and others.

The research on Rajbanshi ethnicity's health-seeking behaviour provides a window into Nepal's public health. This Rajbanshi ethnicity is one of the indigenous people of Nepal and is involved in modern and traditional medical practices. It also captures Nepal's entire ethnic diversity. The public health and development field has read and supported this study, conducted almost two decades ago, with great interest. I once more revised this study material like a master's th...

The conclusions are drawn from the study's objective, findings, and analysis. 1. The major occupation of Rajbanshi in Katahari and Baijanathpur was agriculture. And others were labour-work, business, service etc. 2. Most people fall in the category of having no land to less than 2 bighas. A common type of ailments was reported, such as headache, body aches, weakness (50.8) and then ARI (44), fever (30.8), Eye/ENT(18.8), and diarrhoea (13.7) were reported, respectively....

If knowledge and science are considered coins in Dr. Nawa Raj Subba's 'Both Sides of Coins,' then an attempt has been made to look back at both sides. References to history, culture, sociology, and psychology have been thoroughly investigated. Some memoir articles in the book will give the reader a glimpse of Nepali child psychology and the past. The author currently writes. The pen addresses the present reader. The literature that stops walking does not move us forwa...

This is a real story based on an incident. It is also known as a Social History of Eastern Nepal. This incident occurred almost a century ago in Yangmane of Change village Maiwa Dobhan, located in Taplejung district, Nepal's far eastern Himalayan district. It happened in a Newar family in Maiwa Dobhan, at the confluence of the rivers Tamber Khola and Maiwa Khola. I am writing a memoir of the experience. To retain the event's legitimacy and authenticity, I shall provid...

During the devastating earthquake in Nepal in April 2015, I had already completed the first half of a collection of poems. In 2021, when the second wave of corona covid 19 pandemic hit Nepal, our situation worsened significantly. The pain of natural disasters and the country's poor governance compelled me to add a composition that took the shape of the collection. So I thought it would be appropriate to wrap the feeling of a decade in a wreath. Bal Bahadur's story is ...

Poetry is a form of communication with the soul.

To share memoir and random encounters, Nawa Raj Subba has chosen to write essays 'The Mind Canvas.' The art of expressing one's thoughts to the reader may be different. An essay is an easy genre to keep the exact details of the incident. The main character shares the experiences and experiences gained from that. The writer is the witness of what he has experienced and seen. He tried to write an essay by realizing he should speak honestly. He realized the composition may ...

People with disabilities need rights, not mercy. (Picture of New Nepal) The picture is also literature. (Poems in the picture) A picture can be as sweet as a poem and as deep as an epic. (Poems expressed in the picture) To live, people have to be tough from time to time. (A tribute to a Limbu woman) I also understand the meaning of the throne grown in flowers. (A tribute to a Limbu woman) To live, one needs not only friends but also enemies. (Life, the quest for ...

As far as poetry-creation is concerned, Nawa Raj Subba loves life and the cosmos, and the philosophy of contemplation towards it. At the same time, it seems equally important to represent the contemporary social situation. The anthology illustrates the circumstances of instability in the country from the point of view of insiders. In the same way, there is a predominance of the feeling of Affection in his poetry. This collection is a package of romantic sounds and young ...

"Even the crow in the fog is lost Finishes the destination Darkness is not the whole night Touching the compass of the mind Still trust the East The sun is rising in the morning".

Tungdunge mundhum is the myth of the Samba of Kirat Limbu. Samba Limbu pays a special tribute to their father every three years. It is a traditional rite for the householder to pray for safety and health. At present, this worship is being done by all the people of Limbu. The e-book aims to share mundhum (myth) to the world with a brief analysis.

"Samduki Kyabo Sancholo!"