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... 1-931233-99-3 Standard Address Number: 297-5092 Printed in the United States of America Contents Dedication v Preface xi OntheSmarandachem th... ... k th power. In problem 29 of reference [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of this function. About this problem, some peopl... ...r pq which divides n. In problem 68 of [1], Professor F. Smarandache asked us to study the properties of the sequence e p (n). About this problem, som... ... = 2, b 2 (9) = 3, ······. In reference [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of the sequences {b k (n)}. Aboutthisproblem,Ido... ...tostudythearithmeticalpropertiesaboutthisse quence. It is interesting for us to study this problem. But it’s a pity that none had studied it before. ... ... the identity permutation. In reference [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of the pseudo multiple of 5 sequences. About th...

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...This paper addresses the question, “Will metamaterials facilitate an operationally feasible and significant optical stealth capability for the US Air Force?” To answer this question, the author’s research is directed at the advances and development patterns of optical band metamaterials; specifically, it addresses the leading indicators of frequency, bandwidth, and ...

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...Major Rick Paulsen's study analyzes the role of United States nuclear weapons in this new, multipolar environment. He begins with a historical look at the role nuclear weapons have played in US defense policy since 1945. He reviews current unclassified guidance and the spectrum o...

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...The United States continues to challenge its military forces to provide maximum capability with minimum resources. In order to meet that challenge effectively, the US must take full advantage of the synergy provided by the unified acti...

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...This study examines the rise of operations other than war (OOTW) as a new and prominent tasking for the armed services of the United States. The author, Lt Col Charles W. Hasskamp, USAF, is an advocate of the OOTW mission, and he argues that the US Special Forces Command is an excellent instrument for the task....

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...This paper reviews the performance of US systems against Iraq’s Scuds during Desert Storm, and examines current US efforts to defeat these potentially destabilizing weapons. Which technologies and systems will be most effective against mobile ballistic missiles? ...

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...verlooked in popular discussion: Air Force deployment of large numbers of Airmen to augment the joint ground fight and the consequent breakage of the US war-fighting capability writ large....

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...ency-based Mission Sourcing . . . . . 36 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 4 MODERN BATTLEFIELD, LEGACY FORCE . . .41 US Force Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 The Modern Battlespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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...33 - 88 - 8 Standard Address Number : 297 - 5092 Printed in the United States of America This book is dedicated to the memory of Florentin Sma... ...ing: In problem 49 and 68 of reference [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of these two arithmetic functions. About these p... ...ple, , , , , . In problem 49 of book [1], Professor F. Smarandache ask us to study the properties of the sequence . About this problem, Professor ... ...that is, , , , , . In problem 80 of book [1], Professor F. Smarandache ask us to study the properties of the sequence . About this problem, the autho... ...do-multiple of numbers. In reference [1], Profes- sor F. Smarandache asked us to study the properties of the pseudo-multiple of sequence. About this ... ...at . In problem 25 and 68 of reference [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of these two arith- metic functions. About these...

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...This research will determine why leftism is on the rise and whether US national security is being threatened. The causes are a combination of extreme inequality with regards to income per capita, an increased awareness among the populace as to its unequal situation, a poor display of US forei...

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...This study examines the development and usefulness of US air attack theory and doctrine during the interwar period, 1919–1941. This period represents more than 20years of development in US Air Corps attack theory and doctrine. It was the first peacetime period of such developmen...

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...This paper identifies a possible shortfall in United States (US) military planning, the experience of US Central Command (CENTCOM) planners in dealing with the Central Asian States. The problem is that military planners have little experience with engagement activities in the N...

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...This paper analyzes the participation of the US Twelfth Air Force in the Mediterranean theater of operation from 1943 to 1944 and also studies the coalition and joint operations required in the air campaign. Coalition and joint warfare provides numerous command, control...

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.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 AIR FORCE STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION EFFORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL: US NAVY PUBLIC AFFAIRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AIR FORCE COMMUNICATION EFFORTS . . . . . . . . . . . .29 NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35...

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...d Marine Corps Vision . . . . . . 8 Notes . . . . . . 10 3 VISIONS FROM THE PAST . . . . 13 Air Power and the Future . . . . 13 The Air Force and US National Security: Global Reach—Global Power . . . . . 15 Global Reach—Global Power: The Evolving Air Force Contribution to National Security . . . . . 18 Notes . . . . . . 20 4 VISION: A PRESENT-DAY VIEW . . . . 23 ...

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...a provides allies an assurance so they do not perceive the need to develop nuclear weapons arsenals for themselves. This study explores the impact of US nuclear weapon policy on the current and future effectiveness of extended nuclear deterrence for the Republic of Turkey. It concludes that the credibility of US extended nuclear deterrence for Turkey depends on many factor...

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... . . . . .6 Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations . . . . .6 2 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF AMERICAN NUCLEAR WEAPONS? . . . . .11 Political Uses for US Nuclear Weapons . . . .12 A Special Case of Deterrence: Extended Nuclear Deterrence . . . . .15 Linking Extended Nuclear Deterrence and Nonproliferation . . . . .19 Summary and Cautions . . . . .21 3 ASSESSING US EXTEN...

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...The purpose of this paper is to recommend that the United States government maintain the defense technological and industrial base (DTIB) by aggressively supporting the US defense industry in the arms transfer process. Ironically, this recommendation is contrary to the position held...

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...PRESERVING THE DEFENSE TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL BASE . . . . . 1 Notes . . . . . 6 ARMS TRANSFERS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF US FOREIGN POLICY . . . . . 7 Notes . . . . . 14 THE LABYRINTH OF CONTROL . . . . . 17 Notes . . . . . 27 MAINTAINING THE DTIB WITH US GOVERNMENT SUPPORT . . . . 29 Notes . . . . . 34 GLOSSARY . . . . . 35 BIBLIOGRA...

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...In this compelling study, Lt Col Carla D. Bass argues that the American military, underestimating vulnerabilities of the US information infrastructure, has based its strategic policy not on a firm foundation, but rather has built castles on sand. Lieutenant Colonel Bass believes that the United States cannot simply postulate doctrine and tacti...

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...CTION . . . . 1 2 METHODOLOGY . . . . 3 Jointnesss . . . . 3 Allison’s Models . . . . 4 Observations . . . . . . 8 Notes . . . . 9 3 THE UNITED STATES NAVY . . . . . . 11 Beyond Visual Range Rules of Engagement . . . . 11 Analysis . . . . . 15 Joint Operations . . . . 19 Notes . . . . 19 4 THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS . . . . . . 21 Marine Air Operations . . ...

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.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Air Power in the New Security Environment . . .9 Secretary of the Air Force Donald B . Rice Air Power in US Military Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Dr EdwardN. Luttwak The United States as an Aerospace Power in the Emerging Security Environment . . . . . . . . . ....

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...This compelling study by Lt Col Lawrence E. Key examines how national will plays a decisive role during any application of US military power and not just the employment of forces to fight America’s wars. Because of the decisive role national will plays, leaders need to understand what it is and, beyond its definition, the ways in which they can a...

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...This study concludes airpower will play an increasingly dominant role in future US contingency responses. Power projection is defined as the finite application of military power by national command authority to achieve discrete political ends outside the borders of the United States, its territories, and...

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...To help understand and begin to develop alternative policy frameworks that fit the current and emerging security context, the US Air Force’s Air Force Research Institute (AFRI), the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), and King’s College, London, hosted a two-day conference at the RUSI offices in London on 18 and 19 May 2009. We sought to bring t...

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...on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Adam Lowther 21 Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century Nonstate Actors versus State. . . . . . . . . . 305 Dale L. Hayden 22 Quick Look: State versus State Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century . . . . . . . . . . . .309 Larry G. Carter 23 Quick Look: Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century—State ...

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...National leaders are debating the merits of American weapons in space. A decision to operationally deploy such weapons would reverse the United States’s long-standing commitment to space as a sanctuary. That sanctuary—the idea that space should remain relatively unthreatened by weapons—has been challenged in the past but for the most part still exists today. Further ...

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...INTRODUCTION . . . . . 1 DEFINITIONS . . . . 5 SPACE WEAPONS AND THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE . . . . 9 CONTEMPORARY US POLICY AND SPACE WEAPONS . . . . 21 THE SANCTUARY ARGUMENT . . . . 27 CONCLUSIONS . . . . 47...

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...urrent decentralized, service-centered, budgeting process optimize national mobility capabilities or would centralized budget authority, under United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM), offer greater potential for balancing mobility capabilities and requirements? To answer this question this study examines the current process employed to maintain the DTS and compar...

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...is paper reviews four case studies that demonstrate the variety of ways women have participated in modern armed conflict and explores whether current US laws and policies excluding women from combat remain valid or need to be amended. Each case study examines three principal facets of female participation in combat: context, motivations and inspirations, and the actual con...

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...The purpose of this thesis is to take the first steps toward a military space power theory. It begins by answering the question: Why does the US military need space power theory? The United States or any military spacefaring nation needs theory because space power is more than simply a force enhancer but is a separate and unique form of military power with the capa...

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...In Department of Defense Energy Strategy: Teaching an Old Dog New Tricks, Col Gregory J. Lengyel, United States Air Force (USAF), takes a comprehensive look at our national energy problems from a perspective unique to the Department of Defense (DOD). From his fictional opening implying that conflicts of the future could revolve ...

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...1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 US ENERGY PROBLEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 3 IMPLICATIONS OF THE PROBLEM—VULNERABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Notes . . . . . . . . . . ....

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...This paper asserts there exists a dangerous GAP in US strategic intertheater transportation capabilities, propounds a model describing the GAP, and proposes a solution to the problem. Using the Gulf War logistics flow as a model, the three phase points are shown and their air...

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...nning for space-based MTI is in its early phases. A “Concept of Operations for Space-Based MTI” has been written, as has a “Space-Based MTI Roadmap.” US Space Command has also written the Long Range Plan, which includes space-based MTI concepts in its plan for 2020. These plans are a good start but do not address several important issues, including satellite architecture, ...

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...N OF MOVING TARGET INDICATOR RADAR SYSTEMS . . . .5 Notes . . . . 11 3 THE MECHANICS OF SPACE OPERATIONS . . . . . 13 Notes . . . . 23 4 UNITED STATES SPACE ORGANIZATIONS THAT MAY AFFECT SPACE-BASED SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT . . . .27 Notes . . . . 34 5 TECHNOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT AIRBORNE MOVING TARGET INDICATOR SYSTEMS AND PROPOSED SPACE-BASED SYST...

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...This study attempts to determine whether air component commands are capable of developing an effective airpower strategy. It examines US Central Command Air Forces (CENTAF) because of its recent experience in developing and executing a sizable airpower contribution to a theater campaign. The author sets the background by describing CENTAF’s role in the Pers...

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...into the twenty-first century. The book's purpose is to focus attention on the operational problems, enemy strategies, and threats that will confront US national security decision makers in the twenty-first century. The participating authors are either professional military officers or civilian professionals who specialize in national security issues....

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...nsive to an offensive preemption, (2) reverts from no nuclear first use to nuclear escalation, (3) guarantees ethnic Russians living in former Soviet states protection, (4) emphasizes the importance of military advancement in C4I, smart weapons, and mobility, and (5) emphasizes strategic nonnuclear deterrent forces....

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...es . . . . . 42 Differences with Pre–Gulf War Military Doctrine . . . . . . 43 Conclusions . . . . . . 44 Notes . . . . . . 45 5 IMPLICATIONS FOR US STRATEGISTS . . . . . . 47 Notes . . . . . . 52...

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...rtantly it expands under pressure and contracts with decompression. We use energy as a catchall term to describe anything that produces work changes state or transfers heat. This is energy at work, the result of atomic interactions. Basic energy however in its prime form is this mysterious substance Dark Matter. This is basically a cloud of energy nodes, each node too ...

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...1. Did Water Monkeys Swim before We Spoke?-From whence cometh language, the InfoTech that lets us dominate our planet? We listen. We easily hallucinate word boundaries. Spaces, such as you see in writing, are absent from speech. Yet somehow we find it easy to make sense of speech. -- 2. The Gift of Memory-For millennia...

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...Swim before We Spoke? From whence cometh language, the InfoTech that lets us dominate our planet? We listen. We easily hallucinate word boundaries. ... ...e over space and time. Balance of power shifts from tribal chiefs to city-state warrior-kings and priests. 5. Symbols of Sound Demand Analysis Th... ...arco Polo. 7. Islam‘s Great Gifts to the West One precept of the Koran states that the human world’s quest for knowledge leads to further knowing... ...m into this book began about five yeas ago. The book‘s purpose remains as stated in its epigraph is as follows: Neither to persuade nor indoctrina... ...t only we humans open our mouths and emit intelligible sounds that empower us to share so many types of knowledge. When we speak, we can:  D... ...r while they let the water support their weight. Body changes that let us walk upright did free our hands for tools and fire, but changes in our ... ...its squarely in the path of descending food, where it makes it easier for us to choke to death if a chunk of meat goes down the wrong way. That‘s so... ... the output; our ears, the input. The operating system‘s software lets us build intricate, comprehensible words and phrases. By controlling the ... ...ain control over regions large enough to grow into the world‘s first city-states. Temples, such as those in Ur, Babylon, and Nineveh, towered over...

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...ion of the “Native Hawaiian Data Book” was gathered from sources including: The Kamehameha Schools, Policy Analysis and System Evaluation (PASE); the State of Hawaii Departments of Health, Public Safety, Hawaiian Home Lands, Human Services, Business, Economic Development and Tourism; the University of Hawai and the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census...

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...on with other races. According to the U.S. Census 2000 data, there are approximately 401,162 Native Hawaiians in Hawaii and on the continent. In the State of Hawaii alone, there are over 239,655 Native Hawaiians, representing 60% of the total population of Native Hawaiians in the United States. Population forecasts suggest that while the Native Hawaiian population continu...

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...Demographics. 15 -- Population Distribution By Age Group By State. 18 -- Kauai County Gis Map. 21 -- Oahu Gis Map. 22 -- Maui County Gis Map. 23 -- Hawaii County Gis Map. 24 -- Marriages By Ethnicity Of Groom And Ethnicity Of Bride: 2003 And 2004. 25 -- Resident Live Births By Residen...