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...ribers. Strowger died in 1902 but his company still survives as AG Communications Systems. http://www.roserpark.net/greenwood/strowger.html http:/... ... history. http://www.corset.dk/ http://costume.dm.net/ Crime Fighting, Computer Systems and Databases As crime globalizes, so does crime fight... ...nts Provides information on the development and implementation of fingerprinting systems for the general public and international law enforcement... ...ftware. An unknown hack added a "You've got mail" alert facility. Other timesharing systems - such as SDC and BBN - also included e-mail by autumn 1... ..., and their academic positions and remained free to support their aberrant trend in biology." http://skepdic.com/lysenko.html http://www.softp... ...e largest Scandinavian information technology company by digesting Ericsson's data systems division. In 1989, Nokia emerged as a leader in the cabl... ...w.sas.upenn.edu/~striepen/apicoplast.html http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Biology/Genetics/Organelles Oscars (Academy Awards) Ben Hur ... ...htm http://www.dr-dan.com/tapeworm.htm http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Biology/Microbiology/Paras ites/?tc=1 Teapot Dome With the exc...

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...ly. as it is essential to know the basic laws of physics, chem- istry, and biology in order to lead a normal life, it is es- sential to know the wisdo... ...orce of life come from? Where can it be found? in atoms? in molecules? in systems within the cells? i discovered that science does not research tha... ...nse the concealed world and study it scientifically. the different belief systems and religions are theories re- garding the hidden world (God) and t...

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... representations. The payment should be either in kind (as in more ancient justice systems) or in cash (as in modern Western civilization). The ... ...certain that robots will fully and always implement the three laws? Only recursive systems are predictable in principle, though, at times, their co... ...es the Laws from a few vantage points: philosophy, artificial intelligence and some systems theories. An immediate question springs to mind: HOW wi... ...ian, Kurt Gödel (1906-1978) dealt with the completeness and consistency of logical systems. A passing acquaintance with his two theorems would have... ...viruses, for instance). Why assume that extrasolar creatures must be endowed with a biology of some kind? But isn‟t life as we know it an unavoidab... ...the question. Multi-cellular entities on Earth are manifestations of Carbon-based biology. We cannot imagine beings whose complexity does not spri... ...ry. Reality can be successfully described and captured by alternative mathematical systems and geometries. Additionally, we often confuse complexit...

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...my of Sciences in Mos- cow, and an MSc in bio-cybernetics from the Faculty of Biology and Cybernetics at the Institute of Science at St. Petersburg ... ... began to study Bio-cybernetics, a field of knowledge that researches life’s systems and the order that dictates their existence. I had hoped that ... ...l. “I realized I had to look elsewhere for a place to learn about the overall systems of reality. Consequently, I turned to philosophy, then to reli... ...sires changed the face of human- ity, introducing social classes, hierarchical systems, and changes in the socioeconomic structures. Subsequently, th... ... knowl- edge. This desires manifested in the evolution of sci- ence, education systems, and culture. Its traces first ap- peared during the Renaissanc... ...f altruism. They are in balance with their environments and create harmonious systems. When the balance is breached, the organism begins to disinte... ... Origin of an Altruistic Gene, published May 2006 in the Journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution. 14 From the biological point of view, it is cus...

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...ple. I have no particular message for mankind except to say that all holy systems for obtaining enlightenment are bunk and that all talk of arriving... ...e use are adding more and more to that, unfortunately. All techniques and systems are adding to that. There is nothing you can do to end thinking. Y... ...lands and religions does not mean anything. You learn new techniques, new systems, new phrases, and then you begin to think and speak in terms of thi... ...elf and there is no self-centered activity. So it is the very techniques, systems and methods which you are using to reach your goal of selflessness... ...u try one and you see that it doesn't work you will see that all the other systems are exactly the same. This has to be very clear, you see. Whate... ...ical and physical state. We function in a thought sphere and not in our biology. The separative thought structure which is the totality of man's t...

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...to understand the laws of our world. Most sciences, such as physics, chemistry, biology, etc. become simpler and more intelligible when viewed from ... ...d to rise up to His level at a later stage. After Shevirat haKelim, two parallel systems of worlds, Assiya, Yetzira, Beria, Atzilut and Adam Kadmon a... ...ems of worlds, Assiya, Yetzira, Beria, Atzilut and Adam Kadmon are built as two systems: altruistic and selfish. These worlds are built on the basi... ...e type of souls which descend to this world. Prior to the Ari, there were other systems of teaching, other methods. Following the disclosure of the ...

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...as quite a distance away, they could see that there were various weaponry systems on it, includ- ing chain guns and missile launchers. “Come on, befo... ... how it managed to fy in the frst place as it had no apparent propulsion systems. A side door opened and an individual stepped out. He was tall, we... ...o various areas of the world. It was heavily armored and had more backup systems than anyone could have ever imagined. It even had an escape pod fo... ...e still moving a mile a minute. “Yeah, well, the most advanced and secure systems use a text based interface. This system is Linux based and it’s he... ... Let’s see. Time to pull up the sche- matics…SHIT! This place is huge! All systems are on standby. This place is deserted, just as we’d hoped,” Josh ... ...tches movement before it catches shapes, but Adrian wasn’t thinking about biology at that mo- ment and yelped out loud, fring her gun when she saw so...

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...e, just as two computers can appear identical but use two different operating systems. All religions rely on one’s efforts to receive rewards in this... ...Thus, we only feel the environmental phenomena that correspond to our sensory systems. Moreover, we cannot really feel anything outside us, only our ... ...— but toward something that is outside it the Creator. There are two operating systems that the soul can use to evaluate reality: 1. The egoistic for... ... ten grams to fit the corrected part of the body and clothe it. The two world systems—pure and impure—act synchronously and help one another in the ... ...gether. This means that from the point of view of Kabbalah, music, astronomy, biology, and medicine externally express a unique law of the inner mak... ... finger on our hand. That is why all the tools man builds and all the research systems only enhance our existing senses but under no circumstances wi...

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...completeness, inconsistency, redundancy, contradiction. It is a non-classical logic. Eksioglu (1999) explains some of them: “Imprecision of the human systems is due to the imperfection of knowledge that humain receives (observation) from the external world. Imperfection leads to a doubt about the value of a variable, a decision to be taken or a conclusion to be drawn for t...

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...rets the uninterpretable; - regards, from many different angles, old concepts, systems: showing that an idea, which is true in a given referential s... ... and to make war in the peaceful ideas; - measures the stability of unstable systems, and instability of stable systems. Let's note by <A> an id... ...sical logic. Eksioglu (1999) explains some of them: “Imprecision of the human systems is due to the imperfection of knowledge that humain receives ... ...utionary algorithms which are used “to describe computer-based problem solving systems which employ computational models of some of the known mecha... ...on intuitionistic fuzzy sets and on interval- values fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol. 78 (1996), No. 3, 305-316. [7] Dempster, A. P., Upper ... ... our experiments (the same 'reproductive' concept that is used in evolutionary biology) was actually a simplified overall value - survival. From thi... ...n in Hierarchically Organized Biological Systems. Studies in the Philosophy of Biology, F.J. Ayala & T. Dobzhansky (ed.). Macmillan Press. [6] Can...

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...: Basic aspects and dynamics of the Organic Universe and Organic Life. 3: The origins of modern humans going back 25 million years. 4: Human Psycho-biology. 5: The beginnings of civilization. 6: The effect of civilization upon humans. 7: Death, the existence of evil and its effect on humans. Offered as a free E-book at: http://thepathofsplitness.com/ ...

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...ental design of organic cells splitting is nothing new. Anyone who has taken Biology will recognize it. How organic cells split, how Life works is ... ... molecular structure would be completely different. This would force weather systems to change their dynamics also. This would force other cycles to... ...niverse, and our organic world, and living human beings, and animals, and eco-systems, and weather patterns, and tectonic geography, and physical his... ... molecular structure would be completely different. This would force weather systems to change their dynamics also. This would force other cycles to... ...niverse, and our organic world, and living human beings, and animals, and eco-systems, and weather patterns, and tectonic geography, and physical his... ...-reflective, more split off from the body, less connected to the biofeedback systems of the body. As this went on, it came to the fourth major im... ...heir facts into unconnected, detached, fields of bullshit called Physics, and Biology, and Organic Chemistry. Then they isolate the facts inside ea... ...quation ever used in mathematics, in technology, in Physics, in Astronomy, in Biology, in Particle Physics is wrong… They will have to admit that al... ...a profound insight like that. You have to go to University and specialize in biology to learn that… huh? Somebody explain this to me… I don’t unde...

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... deformation as an autonomous science takes place, especially as a result of the great regresses registered in some of the unnatural sciences such as biology (the anatomy and biology of the nervous system, the neuronvegetative and endocrine systems, senses organs), and physics (the science that proved the possibility of mess-experimentations and non-objective and relative ...

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... The non‐cognitive factors of unlearning ......................... 38 The motivation ................................. 38 The types of motives and systems .......................... 39 Superior motives ................................. 41 The scholastic motives ............................... 41 Chapter 6 – The skills, habits and disabilities ................ 43 The...

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...it would have had no selectional advantage at all, and would have just been a useless “organ,” if it could not have linked up to pre-existing thought systems.” —NOAM CHOMSKY, Professor Emeritus of Linguistics, MIT “Boston University’s Andrey Vyshedskiy brings a neuroscientist’s perspective to the discussion of human mental history in On the Origin of the Human Min...

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...arles Darwin proposed that species evolve under the influence of natural selection (Darwin C, 1859), have been marked by great discoveries. Molecular biology described the genetic principles underlying species evolution and identified specific changes in the human genome since our lineage split off from the chimpanzee line about six million years ago (Somel M, 2013). Great...

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...l System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in Astronomy, by Florentin Smarandache.. 36 BIOLOGY......................................40 4. Statistical Modeling of Primary Ewing Tumors of the Bone, by Sreepurna Malakar, Florentin Smarandache, Sukanto Bhattacharya, in in , Vol. 3, No. JJ05, 81-88, 2005..............

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...l System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in Astronomy, by Florentin Smarandache.. 36 BIOLOGY......................................40 4. Statistical Modeling of Primary Ewing Tumors of the Bone, by Sreepurna Malakar, Florentin Smarandache, Sukanto Bhattacharya, in in , Vol. 3, No. JJ05, 81-88, 2005..............

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...s have helped me to understand everything from software patents to synthetic biology. Jerry Reichman has supplied energy, insight, and a vii 37278_u00... ...ided cru- cial support to my work with the sciences in general and synthetic biology in particular. I was also inspired and informed by colleagues and... ...iol- ogy, Nobel laureates Sir John Sulston and Harold Varmus in genomics and biology more generally, Paul Ginsparg in astrophysics, and Harlan Onsrud ... ...xtually but much in terms of inspiration with an article I co-wrote for PLoS Biology with Arti Rai, “Synthetic Biology: Caught between Property Rights... ...nt copyright law regime, it largely holds for their patent and trademark law systems, and utilitarian strands suffuse even “the sacred rights of autho... ... of other countries, including Britain, concluded that their national patent systems were doomed. Various proposals were made to replace patents, with... ...nstitute any kind of survey of crit- ical reactions to intellectual property systems, but I believe that nevertheless they give us some sense of typic... ... about the enclosure movement is that it worked; this innovation in property systems allowed an unparalleled expansion of productive possibilities. 5 ... ... Before the enclosure movement, the feudal lord would not invest in drainage systems, sheep purchases, or crop rotation that might increase yields fro...

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...on in its youth, Babel was a melting pot, filled with a variety of belief systems and teachings. Divination, card reading, face and palm reading, i... ... would be there for us regardless of our behavior. In complex, integrated systems, the rule is that the system dictates and the individual yields, j... ...ncreasingly complex societies, our need to match the rules of integrated systems became more pressing. nimr Od’s Wa Y Naturally, Nimrod did not want... ...Od’s Wa Y Naturally, Nimrod did not want to accept the rule of integrated systems that Abraham introduced. He was the ruler of Babel, and yet here w... ...abel was too big a city to exist without applying the rule of integrated systems. And without knowing how to unite the people of Babel, all of whom... ...h; we only need to add that B element to the cur- riculum: Balance. Thus, biology will still be biology, flavored with an explanation of how the int... ...a sense of urgency to change today’s lame system. Anyone who ever studied biology knows that a healthy cell gives its utmost support to its host or...

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...ugh it emerges as a main property of the whole, as an extensive parameter of macro systems. In my doctoral dissertation (Ph.D. Thesis available on ... ...econd Law of Thermodynamics predicts the gradual energetic decay of physical closed systems ("entropy"). Arguably, the Universe as a whole is precis... ... order is often fighting disorder for dominance. In other words, in localized, open systems, order sometimes tends to increase and, by definition, ... ...to decrease. This is the orthodoxy. Personally, I believe otherwise. Some physical systems increase disorder, either by decaying or by actively spr... ...increase disorder, either by decaying or by actively spreading disorder onto other systems. Such vectors we call "Entropic Agents". Conversely, som... ...on-random principle (such as the increase in order). This, exactly, is the case in biology. There is no reason in principle why not to construct a ... ...antic, divergent changes in where the system "settles down" (finds a solution). In biology Gould and others have modified the theory of evolution ... ... "sciences" (e.g., to economics and psychology) and even to more robust fields like biology or medicine. Yet no one disputes the existence of econom... ...ts that a super-intellect has monkeyed with physics, as well as with chemistry and biology, and that there are no blind forces worth speaking about...

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...They will not be fixed by some new round of patches to bug-filled PC operating systems, or by abandoning now-ubiquitous Windows for Mac. Rather, they po... ... on occu- pants of motor vehicles equipped with the latest travel assistance systems by producing secret warrants and flicking a distant switch. They c... ...elational databases put index cards and more sophisticated paper-based filing systems to shame. 15 Entirely new applications like video games, beginni... ...del for both Microsoft and Apple has been to make their computers’ operating systems appealing for third-party software development, since they profit ... ...essage Processors” (IMPs). 25 A variety of otherwise-incom- patible computer systems existed at the time—just as they do now—and the IMP was conceived... ... Against the Most Dangerous Emerging Pathogens: In- sights from Evolutionary Biology, 2 E I D, 245, 246 (Oct.– Dec. 1996) (“Lik... ...trib- uted to Leonard Adleman, a professor of computer science and molecular biology at the University of Southern California. See Wikipedia, Computer...

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...ew method In Harmony with Their Outbursts W e should restructure the education systems on all levels and for all ages so that children feel good, evo... ...in hand with human nature, with the evolution of the world, and with all the systems that we live in, they are doomed to fail. therefore, the only s... ... together. 1 100 c hildren of t omorrow this kind of attitude builds within, systems that prepare one to be naturally inclined toward connection wi... ...erent people. Of course, people who teach subjects like physics, mathematics, biology, and art should also set an example to students, and not just ... ...t the vegetative level, it is botany and ecology. a t the animate level it is biology, zoology, and medicine. and then the speaking degree appears b...

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...ol and fuzzy control based on FRE 108 4 1.19 A FRE in dynamic fuzzy systems 113 1.20 Solving FRE with a linear objective function 117... ... a characterization of t-norms for fuzzy sets 146 1.26 Solvability criteria for systems of FRE 156 1.27 Infinite FRE to a complete browerian lattice... ... These functions are useful for performing various kinds of simplifications of systems that preserve desirable properties in sets such as ordering ... ...ost important and widely studied problems in the field of fuzzy sets and fuzzy systems. The first step for the resolution of a FRE is to establish ... ...stem with a new learning algorithm [92] has given to neural fuzzy relational systems a new learning algorithm. Fuzzy relational systems can repre... ...es of Copernicus (astronomy), Newton (mechanics), Lavoisier (chemistry) Darwin (biology), Maxwell (electromagnetism), Einstein (mechanics) and Godel...