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It seems that I am an anti-talent to drawings and paitings in a traditional manner. I even disregard this kind of art, wich can easi ly be replaced by mechanical reproduction. Therefore, I gathered nearly a quarter of my "anti-art" art-work done in Turkey, USA (here I got in touch with tbe straight art., in bright basic colors - yellow for the sun, blue for the sky, red for the fire, and black for the night somehow naive, of Navajo, Zuni, Apache, Hopi and Pima Indian tribes), and Mexico, beTWeen 1988 - 2000, in a paradoxist way: - paiting for non-paiting sake - not drawings. but OUf every day's scribblings - paiting overlapping another paiting - found art in the wasting basket of the art - fine ugly an - para-an and contra-an - art without an - scientific an. All of the ahove procedures become, after a period of maybe sbocking time. 'normal' (please read 'traditional') art. Which later would be classified, in their turn as supcrnuated. And again they come back to life wi~h a '"neo" prefix art. because an is cyclic. Let's catch the paradoxism in an - an avante-garde movemcot I set up in 1980's, which is focusing on contradictions (an...

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...Florentin Smarandache's account on his visit to Atlanta to participate in the International Conference on Granular Computing, organized by the famous international association of electricity and electronics engineers, on beha...

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Merg cu maşina din Gallup, statul New Mexico, SUA, oraşul meu de reşedinţă, la Albuquerque, de unde voi lua avionul pentru Atlanta, capitala statului Georgia, pentru a participa la Conferinţa Internaţională de Calcul Granular (IEEE – GrC 2006), organizată de celebra asociaţie mondială a inginerilor din domeniile electricităţii şi electronicii, pe numele ei oficial Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, care se scrie prescurtat IEEE (în folclorul savanţilor americani)....

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Conferinţa internaţională de calcul granular . Un drum cu... teroare! .................................................. 6 . Ghidaj urban după hartă ............................................... 8 . Suprema onoare – sunt citat de Zadeh ....................... 12 . Asiaticii – 70 % din participanţi! ............................... 13 . În „bucătăria” calculului granular .............................. 14 . Cine-i mai inteligent: omul sau maşina? .................... 16 . În cel mai mare acvariu din lume ............................... 17 . În Atlanta, Pe aripile vântului ................................... 20 . Afacere sau for ştiinţific?! ......................................... 23 . Plimbare cu chinezi prin Atlanta ................................ 25 . Cambei! la restaurantul chinezesc ............................. 27 . Sponsorizarea salvatoare ............................................ 29 . „Exilat” la... clasa I! ................................................... 29 Manneken-Pis! Pregătiri de drum pentru Bruxelles ............................ 31 . Un „Boeing” scuturat! ...........................................

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This is a cerebral play that underlines the pettiness of a person lost among things (of an unnatural size), and much more: lost among ordinary people.

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SCENE I A laboratory equipped with all the advantages of modern medicine. It appears to be a waiting room in a sanitarium, with four doors - one to either side of the stage and two against the back. The doors are marked in order, "0", "Ward 1", "Ward 2", and "Ward 3." The interior is dark. Stuffed people. A "New Man" is kept frozen in a trunk made of glass. He is a specimen of new technology, and above him are pinned up revelatory advertisements and newspaper clippings. Doctors and Assistants are dressed in black smocks, their faces cold and inhuman, and their eyes glassy. The patients are dressed in the striped overalls of the infirm. Both the patients and useless medical staff limp, though more so the former. The Doctor, enveloped in frosty mist, is seated in an elaborate chair with his back towards the audience. Only the nape of his neck shows during the play, though his chair is stirring from time to time. He seems to turn himself towards the audience sometimes, but he gives up. Neither in the intervals, nor at the end of the play this actor does not show up for cheers. His voice is unearthly... synthesized....

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A book of experimental digital arts.

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EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPHS ² 4 - 23 RADIO DIAGRAMS ² 24 - 36 TV SHOW ² 37 - 44 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS ² 45 - 54 MARINE FAUNA ² 55 - 76

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Composed, found, changed, modified, diversified computer-programmed images of stars, galaxies, cosmic dust, black (and other color) holes, comets, spacecrafts, robots and poetry....

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…We simultaneously leave in parallel universes without knowing it… …Our contradictions coexist in a multi-space endowed with a multi-structure…

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COSMOLOGY : pages 4-69 LET’S BIKE THE ART! : pages 70-129

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This is a how-not-to-do book about codification, indexing, information, computer science, peripherals and terminals. The data entries are unselected and stored in a database. Afterwards, they are disorganized, unstructured and then manufactured. A data mudflow is designed later in order to misdirect all information. A nonquality control personnel filters and trashes all high valued documents and restores the chaos in the institution. The book helps with the malfunctioning of an administrative system....

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The illogical mudflow of a quarterly non-production process In looking at the illogical mudflow of a quarterly non-production process, it is very imperative for us to take into account several non-practical factors that take place during such non-production process. These factors include: - Tools under maintenance - Contracts - Transportation - Supply Below is an illustration of the two major phases that are not usually encountered during the execution of a non-production process. ...

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Contents Forward and Backward.........3 Chapter 1 ...................................5 Non-Basic symbols misused in Computer Science .....................5 Unintelligent terminal .........................9 The illogical mudflow of a quarterly non-production process ...............12 Chapter 2 ..................................15 The computer coding misused in Computer Science ...................15 Codification problems ..............................17 Codes misclassification .............................18 Chapter 3 ..................................21 Miscomputing the time for creating an application misusing the mudflow scrambles ........21 Misinformation deregistration and non-identification in files...............27 Chapter 4 ..................................29 Data storage and types of non-peripheral devices .....................29 Representation of Misinformation in internal memory ..............30 External non-peripherals ............................31 Printing paper ................................34 Magnetic band ...............................34 Magnetic disks ...............................35 The non-...

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...Professor Florentin Smrandache is invited to spend a period of three months time at the Research Institute of Extension Engineering at Guangdong University of Technology in China in order to conduct research on extenics....

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Cu moralul extrem de ridicat, alerg pe autostrada I-40 din Gallup spre aeroportul din Albuquerque. Urlă muzica. Ferestrele deschise. Muzică populară românească, din Banat şi Oltenia, la casetă. Am înregistraţi şi pe cântăreţii mei din Bălceşti: Vasile Oprea (Vasilică a lu’ Tirina, vecinul meu), Mărin Covrig (coleg de şcoală primară şi generală), Gheorghe Lupu (mai mare cu doi ani ca mine, stătea peste drum de casa mea)....

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Application / 3 Invitation / 8 Extensica. Fotojurnal instantaneu din Canton / 9 Certificate / 170 Letter / 171

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Noi pledăm pentru un proces cogniscibil care să nu aibă îngrădiri de nici o formă. Din această cauză, hermeneutica se presupune a fi cât mai diversificată. Interviurile următoare împletesc cultura, ştiinţa, tehnica şi viaţa într-un multi-eu. De aceea volumul se numeşte multirelavititate: adică idei şi metodologii privite din unghiuri cât. We advocate for a process that does not have restrictions of any form. Therefore, hermeneutics is assumed to be more diversified. Next interviews intertwined culture, science, technology and life in a multi-I. Therefore the volume is called multirelavititate: that ideas and methodologies as viewed from angles....

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...Scriitorul şi omul de ştiinţă Florentin Smarandache, cunoştiinţă deosebită, specială, de aproape 20 de ani, este permanent pe drumuri, cu carneţelul de însemnări în buzunar. Este un ambasador autentic al inteligenţei şi talentului românilor, în aceeaşi mă...

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...- Prefaţă, Florentin Smarandache ................................ 5 - Paradoxismul - o reacţie contra totalitarismului *Interviu cu Florentin Smarandache, conducătorul „Mişcării literare paradoxiste”*Valeria Tănase - Informaţia zilei...

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... Finite Interval from one dimension (1D) to 2D, 3D, and in general n-D spaces. Then I used the Extenics, together with Victor Vlădăreanu, Mihai Liviu Smarandache, Tudor Păroiu, and Ştefan Vlăduţescu, in 2D and 3D spaces in technology, philosophy, and information theory....

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...Contribution to Extenics (Preface by Florentin Smarandache): 4 1. Generalizations of the Distance and Dependent Function in Extenics to 2D, 3D, and n-D, by Florentin Smarandache: 22 2. Applications of Extenics to 2D-Space and 3D-Space, by Florentin Smarandache...

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This book presents a short panorama of commented art theories, together with experimental digital images using adopted techniques from various fields, in order to inspire the actual artists to choose from, and also to invent or adopt new procedures in producing their artworks. This book presents a short panorama of commented art theories, together with digital art images using adopted techniques from various fields, in order to inspire the actual artists to choose from, and also to invent or adopt new procedures in producing their artworks....

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Earth Art requires huge work on land, sod, grass. It started in 1968 with Robert Morris utilizing a pile of dirt, and Robert Smithson who filled some boxes with rocks. Some projects demand enormous effort, for example carving the American presidential portraits in Mount Rushmore by Gustom Borglum, or wrapping the Australian coastline in 1969 with plastic and rope by Javacheff and Jeanne-Claude Christo (packed objects). Ephemeral patterns (art) in the snow by Dennis Oppenheim. But some earthworks are criticized of disturbing the nature and upsetting the ecology. Earth Outer-Art takes the work done by nature, such as Volcanoes, Storms, Hurricanes, Tsunami, Earthquakes, etc. as Found Earth Outer-Art, but unfortunately destructive art. Let’s say volcano Krakatoa in Indonesia, Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans… see how impressive destructive earth outer-art they did! Or the falling of a meteor on planet Earth, creating big craters as work of natural art. Thomas Cole, in the 19th century, believed that nature was created by God, who is an Artist. Catastrophic Outer-Art at a large scale is that inflicted by atomic bombs, as those at ...

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...103 Multi-label 1 -------- 104 Multi-label 2 -------- 105 Multi-label 3 -------- 106 Multi-label 4 -------- 107 Miscelaneous --- 108 “geronimo” florentin ----------------- 109 outer-poem ----------------------------- 110 miscellaneous 1 ------------------------ 111 miscellaneous 2 ------------------------ 112 miscellaneous 3 ------------------------ 113 outer-sc...

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Parapedagogy is the science which studies the techniques of instruction and destruction and the deconfiguration of personality. It is concerned with non goals, discontents, anti principles, methods and disorganization forms of the education. In the misseducation research other disciplines are involved, such as the inhuman anatomy and psychology (especially the mass brain washing), the anti sociology of education which studies the psycho-asocial-anti-cultural medium and its sad influence over the personality. ...

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The parapedagogy definition The parapedagogy is the science which studies the techniques of instruction and destruction and the deconfiguration of personality. It is concerned with non goals, discontents, principles, methods and disorganization forms of the instruction and misseducation. The fundamental research in parapedagogy has the main goal to discover the laws and principles of parapedagogy, to establish an idealistic philosophy of the misseducation guideline in the misprocess of reconfiguration of the inhuman personality. The applicative research is preoccupied with student’s individuality, to detect and develop the inaptitude, anti talents, and the discovery of methods and procedures, which would decrease the school efficiency in its misprocess. In the parapedagogy research other disciplines are involved, such as the inhuman anatomy and psychology (especially the brain washing in mass), the sociology of misseducation which studies the psycho-asocial-anti-cultural medium and its influence over the personality. The historic and dialectic immaterialism constitutes the theoretical and methodological base of the parapedagogy res...

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Table of Discontents .................................5 Chapter 1 – Misseducation and Parapedagogy............... 10 Misseducation and parapedagogy...........................10 The miss concept of misseducation..........................13 Chapter 2 - The parapedagogic research.................. 14 The parapedagogy definition.............................14 The non‐objectives of parapedagogy research......................14 Research methods in parapedagogy..........................14 The biological bases of the psychological under development...............18 The role of the environment in personality disconfiguration................19 The rapport between maturity, learning, under‐development...............19 Chapter 3 - Knowledge about student’s personality .............20 The phases of intellectual under‐development......................20 The miss‐concepts of individual, person and personality..................21 The psychological miss‐concept of personality ......................22 Chapter 4 – Programs of study and characterization ............ 26 The main characteristics ...............................29 CHOLERIC...

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Progress and development in our knowledge of the structure, form and function of the Universe, in the true sense of the word, its beauty and power, and its timeless presence and mystery, before which even the greatest intellect is awed and humbled, can spring forth only from an unshackled mind combined with a willingness to imagine beyond the boundaries imposed by that ossified authority by which science inevitably becomes, as history teaches us, barren and decrepit. Revealing the secrets of Nature, so that we truly see ‘the sunlit plains extended, and at night the wondrous glory of the everlasting stars’*, requires far more than mere technical ability and mechanical dexterity learnt from books and consensus. The dustbin of scientific history is replete with discredited consensus and the grand reputations of erudite reactionaries. Only by boldly asking questions, fearlessly, despite opposition, and searching for answers where most have not looked for want of courage and independence of thought, can one hope to discover for one’s self. From nothing else can creativity blossom and grow, and without which the garden of science can o...

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After the experiments were completed, the life span of such “atoms” was calculated theoretically in Chapiro’s works [61,62,63]. His main idea was that nuclear forces, acting between nucleon and anti-nucleon, can keep them far away from each other, hindering their annihilation. For instance, a proton and anti-proton are located at the opposite side of the same orbit and move around the orbit’s centre. If the diameter of their orbit is much larger than the diameter of the “annihilation area”, they can be kept from annihilation (see fig. 3). But because the orbit, according to Quantum Mechanics, is an actual cloud spreading far around the average radius, at any radius between the proton and the anti-proton there is a probability that they can meet one another at the annihilation distance. Therefore the nucleon---anti-nucleon system annihilates in any case, as this system is unstable by definition having a life span no more than 10-20 sec....

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...me 26 2.7. Magic square problem 27 2.8. Palindromic number and iteration 27 2.9. Non-Euclidean geometry by giving up its fifth postulate 28 2.10. Smarandache Geometry and Degree of Negation in Geometries 28 2.11. Non-Archimedean triangle theorem 33 2.12. The cubic Diophantine equation 33 2.13. Multispaces and applications in physics 34 3 Unsolved Problems in Astrop...

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The antiwar of our entire nation is defined as being the army-impeded forces, skirmishing shoulder to shoulder with the civilian population, with the purpose of defeating all non-aggressors, for securing our country’s slavery and dependency. The defeat in this battle is assured through a moral inferiority of our population - the right cause of this antiwar -, the lack of heroism of our state’s citizens, by applying an adequate blundering, using our geographical disadvantages, and the international public humiliation. ...

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The battle and its non-goal. The battle is an ensemble of skirmishes of the subunits and units, which take place in a disorganized manner using armament and fighting techniques, for the expressed desire to enforce the enemy. The battle cannot take place on the ground, in the air, or on the water, in an open paradoxist cooperation with all-military denominations, and using their armament’s procedures with the goal of empowering the non-aggressor enemy. The battle is not the only way for obtaining the miscarriage. The battle’s goal is not the destruction or the capture of enemy’s groups, or the capture and holding on of critical portions of terrain. While in anti-defense, the defeat with fewer forces of the enemy’s superior forces would be done with our old-fashioned technique: ...

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Instruction Notebooks...............................3 Table of Contents .................................4 1 The Non-Tactical Instruction...........................10 Non-Assignment 1. ...............................10 The battle and its non-goal. ...........................12 The principles of non-organizing the battle’s actions. .................13 Non-Assignment 2...............................13 The disorganization principle of the subunits of unpatriotic guards. ............15 The subunits of the other branches of the military, their non-role, and their non-missions. ....15 The non-role and non-missions unsustainable by the other branches of the military. ......16 Not understanding the modern military ......................17 General principles disregarding the non-actions conducted by the subunits of a non-modern military in the inoffensive battles............................18 The anti-defense forms............................20 The non-roles and the non-missions of the fight units. .................20 The non-insurance for battle...........................20 The content of the battle’s non-insurance, its goal...

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The fourth volume, in my book series of “Collected Papers”, includes 100 published and unpublished articles, notes, (preliminary) drafts containing just ideas to be further investigated, scientific souvenirs, scientific blogs, project proposals, small experiments, solved and unsolved problems and conjectures, updated or alternative versions of previous papers, short or long humanistic essays, letters to the editors...

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This short technical paper advocates a bootstrapping algorithm from which we can form a statistically reliable opinion based on limited clinically observed data, regarding whether an osteo-hyperplasia could actually be a case of Ewing’s osteosarcoma. The basic premise underlying our methodology is that a primary bone tumour, if it is indeed Ewing’s osteosarcoma, cannot increase in volume beyond some critical limit without showing metastasis. We propose a statistical method to extrapolate such critical limit to primary tumour volume. Our model does not involve any physiological variables but rather is entirely based on time series observations of increase in primary tumour volume from the point of initial detection to the actual detection of metastases....

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.......................................6 ASTRONOMY..................................14 1. First Lunar Space Base, project proposal, by V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache..15 2. On Recent Discovery of New Planetoids in the Solar System and Quantization of Celestial System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in A...

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The fourth volume, in my book series of “Collected Papers”, includes 100 published and unpublished articles, notes, (preliminary) drafts containing just ideas to be further investigated, scientific souvenirs, scientific blogs, project proposals, small experiments, solved and unsolved problems and conjectures, updated or alternative versions of previous papers, short or long humanistic essays, letters to the editors...

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This short technical paper advocates a bootstrapping algorithm from which we can form a statistically reliable opinion based on limited clinically observed data, regarding whether an osteo-hyperplasia could actually be a case of Ewing’s osteosarcoma. The basic premise underlying our methodology is that a primary bone tumour, if it is indeed Ewing’s osteosarcoma, cannot increase in volume beyond some critical limit without showing metastasis. We propose a statistical method to extrapolate such critical limit to primary tumour volume. Our model does not involve any physiological variables but rather is entirely based on time series observations of increase in primary tumour volume from the point of initial detection to the actual detection of metastases....

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.......................................6 ASTRONOMY..................................14 1. First Lunar Space Base, project proposal, by V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache..15 2. On Recent Discovery of New Planetoids in the Solar System and Quantization of Celestial System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in A...

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This book has six chapters. First chapter gives a brief description of biotechnology. Second chapter deals will proper proportion of mix of raw materials in cement industries to minimize pollution using fuzzy control theory. Chapter three gives the method of determination of temperature set point for crude oil in oil refineries. Chapter four studies the flow rates in chemical industries using fuzzy neutral networks. Chapter five gives the method of minimization of waste gas flow in chemical industries using fuzzy linear programming. The final chapter suggests when in these studies indeterminancy is an attribute or concept involved, the notion of neutrosophic methods can be adopted. The authors feel that the reader should be well versed with fuzzy models like neural networks, fuzzy relational equations, fuzzy control theory, fuzzy linear programming and neutrosophic fuzzy models like NRE together with a knowledge of the technical functioning of chemical industries....

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2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network. The study of proper proportions of material mix during the clinkerization process is very difficult due to inconsistency in the chemical and mineralogical composition and the variation of these characteristic affects kiln operation, fuel consumption, clinker quality and above all the amount of CKD vent into the atmosphere. Further the raw mix should maintain a fixed range for a specific quality of cement. The problem of satisfying this range involves lot of randomness and uncertainty, which in turn speaks about the desired quality of the clinker. ...

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Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two BIOTECHNOLOGY IN CHEMICAL INDUSTIRES 11 2.1 Description of waste CKD in cement kiln 13 2.2 Monitoring and control of the system using FCT and improvement of burning zone and combustion 16 2.3 Determination of gas volume setpoint and temperature set point for CKD processing 26 2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network 35 Chapter Three DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE SET POINTS FOR CRUDE OIL 47 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Description of Crude Oil Refineries 48 3.3 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Kerosene Resulting in Better Distillation Using Fuzzy Control Theory 52 3.4 Determination of Temperature Set Point of Naphtha Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 61 3.5 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Gasoil Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 69 3.6 Conclusions 78 Chapter Four STUDY OF FLOW RATES IN CHEMICAL PLANTS 79 4.1 Use of FRE in Chemical Engineering 79 4.2 Fuzzy neural networks to estimate velocity of flow distribution in a pipe networ...

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This book has five chapters. First chapter is introductory in nature. Here we just study chemical pollution caused by garment industries in chapter two of this book using fuzzy associative memories. In chapter three we give ways to control pollution by improving the system performance using hierarchical genetic fuzzy control algorithm. This study is carried out using the past data reported by Shimada et al (1995). Health hazards suffered by the agriculture labourers; caused by the chemicals used as fertilizers and pesticides is analysed in chapter four using RTD matrices. Chapter five gives a method of minimization of SOx and NOx using fuzzy control theory in cement industries to reduce pollution....

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In this chapter, we have used the fuzzy control method to find the correct measure of pressure and speed of kiln. Using data from Alathur cement industry, we have used mean of maximum method of fuzzy control with the data and we found the pressure and speed of kiln. Here the speed and pressure of kiln are important parameters in the kiln, because the SOx and N0X concentration is dependent on the kiln feed, coal feed and the kiln feed, coal feed are dependent on speed and pressure of kiln. That means if we increase the kiln feed and coal feed we must increase the kiln pressure and speed. By this way the mixing of SOx and NOx with kiln feed is maintained properly or otherwise the SOx and NOx will not mix fully with the kiln feed. The remaining unmixed gases of SOx and NOx are the wastage polluting the environment. For this, we convert all this kiln feed and coal feed level and pressure of kiln and speed of kiln into fuzzy control. By using fuzzy control we identify a correct pressure and speed of the kiln for a given kiln feed and coal feed. When we choose a correct pressure of kiln and speed of kiln through fuzzy control, the SO...

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Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two USE OF FAM MODELS TO ANALYSE THE POLLUTION CAUSED BY THE GARMENT INDUSTRIES 11 Chapter Three HIERARCHICAL GENETIC ALGORITHM TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND REDUCE POLLUTION BY CHEMICAL PLANTS 51 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Description of the Problem 53 3.3 Application of Hierarchical Genetic Fuzzy Control Algorithm to Control Process Variables of Decision Tables in Chemical Plants 56 3.4 Use of Hierarchical Genetic Fuzzy Control Algorithm in the Real Data 58 3.5 Conclusions 73 Chapter Four IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAXIMUM AGE GROUP IN WHICH THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS SUFFER HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO CHEMICAL POLLUTION USING RTD MATRIX 75 4.1 Introduction 75 4.2 Estimation of the Maximum Age Group of the Agricultural Labourers having Cardio Vascular Problem due to Chemical Pollution using RTD Matrices 77 4.3 Conclusion 93 Chapter Five MINIMIZATION OF SOX AND NOX USING FUZZY CONTROL THEORY IN CEMENT INDUSTRIES TO REDUCE POLLUTION 95 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Description of the Problem 97 5.3 Process Fates of Sulfur in Cement Kiln 98 5.4 Process Fates of Ni...

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...This book contains 23 papers, most of which were written by participants to the fifth International Conference on Number Theory and Smarandache Notions held in Shangluo University, China, in March, 2009. In this Conference, several professors gave a talk on Smarandache Notions and many participants lectured on them both extensively and intensively. All th...

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3. Remarks Sandor [2] has considered the problem of finding the S-perfect and completely S-perfect numbers, but his proof is not complete. He has proved that the only S-perfect of the form n = p q is n = 6 and there is no S-perfect number of the form n = 2kq where k ¸ 2 is an integer and q is an odd prime. On the other hand, Theorem 2.1 gives all the S-perfect numbers. Again, Sandor only proved that, the only completely S-perfect number of the form n = p2q is n = 28, and all completely S-perfect numbers are given by Theorem 2.2. Theorem 2.1 and Theorem 2.2 ¯nd respectively the S-perfect and completely S-perfect numbers when S(1) = 1. The situation is quite different if one adopts the convention that S(0) = 1. In the latter case, as has been proved by Gronas [3], all completely S-perfect numbers are n = p(prime), 9, 16, 24. All that is known about the S-perfect numbers is that, among the ¯rst 106 numbers, n = 12 is the only S-perfect number (see Ashbacher [4]). In exactly the same way, the Z-perfect and completely Z-perfect numbers may be defined. Thus, given an integer n, 1. ...

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...J. Wang : An equation related to the Smarandache power function 1 X. Lu and J. Hu : On the F.Smarandache 3n-digital sequence 5 B. Cheng : An equation involving the Smarandache double factorial function and Euler function 8 A. A. K. Majumdar : S-perfect and c...

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Chapter 1 first introduces the interval neutrosophic sets which is an instance of neutrosophic sets. In this chapter, the definition of interval neutrosophic sets and set-theoretic operators are given and various properties of interval neutrosophic set are proved. Chapter 2 defines the interval neutrosophic logic based on interval neutrosophic sets including the syntax and semantics of first order interval neutrosophic propositional logic and first order interval neutrosophic predicate logic. The interval neutrosophic logic can reason and model fuzzy, incomplete and inconsistent information. In this chapter, we also design an interval neutrosophic inference system based on first order interval neutrosophic predicate logic. The interval neutrosophic inference system can be applied to decision making. Chapter 3 gives one application of interval neutrosophic sets and logic in the field of relational databases. Neutrosophic data model is the generalization of fuzzy data model and paraconsistent data model. Here, we generalize various set-theoretic and relation-theoretic operations of fuzzy data model to neutrosophic data model. Chapter ...

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The neutrosophic set generalizes the above mentioned sets from philosophical point of view. From scientific or engineering point of view, the neutrosophic set and set-theoretic operators need to be specified. Otherwise, it will be difficult to apply in the real applications. In this chapter, we de_ne the set theoretic operators on an instance of neutrosophic set called Interval Neutrosophic Set (INS). We call it as “interval" because it is subclass of neutrosophic set, that is we only consider the subunitary interval of [0; 1]....

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Preface iii 1 Interval Neutrosophic Sets 1 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Neutrosophic Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Interval Neutrosophic Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Properties of Set-theoretic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.5 Convexity of Interval Neutrosophic Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.7 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2 Interval Neutrosophic Logic 21 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.2 Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2.1 Syntax of Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2.2 Semantics of Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . . 24 2.2.3 Proof Theory of Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . 25 2.3 Interval Neutrosophic Predicate Calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3.1 Syntax of Interval Neutrosophic Predicate Cal...

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In this book the authors study the erasure techniques in concatenated Maximum Rank Distance (MRD) codes. The authors for the first time in this book introduce the new notion of concatenation of MRD codes with binary codes, where we take the outer code as the RD code and the binary code as the inner code....

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We want to find efficient algebraic methods to improve the realiability of the transmission of messages. In this chapter we give only simple coding and decoding algorithms which can be easily understood by a beginner. Binary symmetric channel is an illustration of a model for a transmission channel. Now we will proceed onto define a linear code algebraically....

Table of Contents Details
Preface 5 Chapter One BASIC CONCEPTS 7 Chapter Two ALGEBRAIC LINEAR CODES AND THEIR PROPERTIES 29 Chapter Three ERASURE DECODING OF MAXIMUM RANK DISTANCE CODES 49 3.1 Introduction 49 3.2 Maximum Rank Distance Codes 51 3.3 Erasure Decoding of MRD Codes 54 Chapter Four MRD CODES –SOME PROPERTIES AND A DECODING TECHNIQUE 63 4.1 Introduction 63 4.2 Error-erasure Decoding Techniques to MRD Codes 64 4.3 Invertible q-Cyclic RD Codes 83 4.4 Rank Distance Codes With Complementary Duals 101 4.4.1 MRD Codes With Complementary Duals 103 4.4.2 The 2-User F-Adder Channel 106 4.4.3 Coding for the 2-user F-Adder Channel 107 Chapter Five EFFECTIVE ERASURE CODES FOR RELIABLE COMPUTER COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS USING CODES OVER ARBITRARY RINGS 111 5.1 Integer Rank Distance Codes 112 5.2 Maximum Integer Rank Distance Codes 114 Chapter Six CONCATENATION OF ALGEBRAIC CODES 129 6.1 Concatenation of Linear Block Codes 129 6.2 Concatenation of RD Codes With CR-Metric 140 FURTHER READING 153 INDEX 157 ABOUT THE AUTHORS 161...