Description Details
This study concludes that in order for peacekeepers to achieve their mandate, it is critical to possess strong political will and a minimum of operational support.Furthermore, regional organizations run the gamut in both political will and operational capability. Their performance indicates that when their national interests are at stake, the regionals demonstrate the required political will to persevere in a mission....

Table of Contents Details
INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 THE NATURE OF PEACEKEEPING . . . . . 5 REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PEACEKEEPING . . . . . 13 PERFORMANCE AND POTENTIAL OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. . . . . 19 THE US ROLE IN SUPPORT OF PEACEKEEPING. . . . .33 RECOMMENDATIONS. . . . . 39 CONCLUSION . . . . . 47 BIBLIOGRAPHY. . . . . 51...

Description Details
There is no Constitutional provision for "original intent" or judicial interpretation. Although it was written over two hundred years ago using archaic terminology, there is no real ambiguity about the meaning of the text. This book emphasizes that text as written....

Excerpt Details
Article 1, Section 8: "Section 8 of Article 1 deserves some extra time and discussion. Each clause delegates a specific power to the federal government. The first clause begins with “The Congress shall have Power To,” and each clause adds an additional power of Congress. These powers apply only the federal government, not the states." "The relevance of this section is in relation to the rest of the Constitution, as well as the Bill of Rights. The Tenth Amendment states, “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people”. In other words, if the power is not specifically named as a United States power, it is reserved for the individual states or the people."...

Table of Contents Details
Part 1 - The Bill of Rights Part 2 - The Constitution Part 3 - The Amendments Part 4 - Images, Quotes, And Original Ttext

Description Details
Each year the USAF prosecutes approximately 35 retirement-eligible members; 15 of them eventually receive a punitive discharge at trial. While the overall numbers are not significant, the people behind those numbers are. During my tenure as a trial and defense counsel, I have prosecuted or defended four of those individuals. The military justice system owes it to its members to ensure that justice is done in all cases. Each military member facing a court-martial deserves to be punished for the offenses committed. Sometimes, a punitive discharge with loss of retirement pay is the entirely appropriate result at trial. Sometimes it is not. This paper is the result of my belief that the determination of whether members ought to forfeit their retirement pay should be left to the wise discretion of the sentencing authority and the convening authority, not to vague notions of collateral consequences....

Description Details
Taking an unusual approach to its topic, “Principles of Anarchism” applies classical logic and deductive reasoning to the subject of human interactions and rights. Beginning with the assumption that all human beings are equal, a concept which is termed the human equality axiom, the author goes on to draw a number of conclusions from this postulate in the manner of a Euclidean proof. These include the surprising contention that no such thing as human rights can exist, the assertion that anarchism is essentially intellectual rather than activist, and the uncomfortable suggestion that historical developments such as cities and industries are harmful to the human race rather than helpful. More centrally, though, the pamphlet argues very simply that any form of authority or government is logically incompatible with the existence of humanity. And it is the implications of this theory, rejection of which requires rejection of the equality axiom as well, which make the argument offered both novel and exceptionally relevant....

Description Details
“The genius of Indian social life lies in living together separately.” Humayun Kabir (at the inaugural of IIT Madras, 1959). This essay seeks to highlight segregation as the keynote of traditional Indian life and caste as the key to the evolution of segregation. Caste in India could, over the centuries, unfold a truly pluralist polity, though each caste in itself was quite monolithic. The coexistence without coalescence of numerous castes could facilitate a polycentric social order in which power was diffused in the local communities. ...

Excerpt Details
“Contraries of belief and diversities of religion…are in fact part of the scheme of Providence; for as a painter gives beauty to a picture by a variety of colours, or as a gardener embellishes his garden with flowers of every hue, so God has appointed to every tribe its own faith, and every sect its own religion that man might glorify him in diverse modes, all having the same end and being equally acceptable in his spirit.” [Statement made by the learned Brahmin pundits and recorded by the Rev. C.T.E. Rhenius in the ‘Preface to the Code of Hindu Laws’ commissioned by Warren Hastings] “The genius of Indian social life lies in living together separately.” Humayun Kabir (at the inaugural of IIT Madras, 1959). ...

Table of Contents Details
Foreword Summary I. The Methodological Bug II. Indian Unipluralism: Introductory III. Hinduism and Buddhist Protestantism IV. The Impersonal Individual V. Hindutva: A Theological Figment VI. Nature of Caste Pluralism VII. Royal Government and Caste Plurarchy Afterword Notes...

Description Details
Taking an unusual approach to its topic, “Principles of Anarchism” applies classical logic and deductive reasoning to the subject of human interactions and rights. Beginning with the assumption that all human beings are equal, a concept which is termed the human equality axiom, the author goes on to draw a number of conclusions from this postulate in the manner of a Euclidean proof. These include the surprising contention that no such thing as human rights can exist, the assertion that anarchism is essentially intellectual rather than activist, and the uncomfortable suggestion that historical developments such as cities and industries are harmful to the human race rather than helpful. More centrally, though, the pamphlet argues very simply that any form of authority or government is logically incompatible with the existence of humanity. And it is the implications of this theory, rejection of which requires rejection of the equality axiom as well, which make the argument offered both novel and exceptionally relevant....

Description Details
The material on these pages was compiled over many years and is the result of one person’s desire to figure out whether there is anything in our actions that must be ‘absolute’ or if all concepts of everything really are relative, based entirely on each person’s individual beliefs. A uniquely different kind of ‘trip’ took place after the compiler of this ‘stuff’ had a very heated argument with someone else when one of them yelled, “...well, your truth isn’t my truth!” What an amazing ‘trip’ it was......

Table of Contents Details
1) FŌGIE/FRŌGIE comparison 2) ‘Garden Scene’ comparisons of certain commands 3) “Do it!” commands 4) dictionary command – D words 5) ‘Daniel’ details - ISLAM - CHRISTIANITY - JUDAISM 6) Imagery - oil rigs - stock markets 7) Procrastinating with LIBERTY 8) Finger-walking ‘assignment’ and MESSAGE given using numbers: - 379 - 213 - 383 and books: - Bible - Qur’ân - others 9) Symbolism development - circles - triangles - colors - cross - pyramid 10) Fruit... 11) Another Age 12) So what!!! or So what??? 13) Quotes/Media Events - “Restoring Honor” Rally - “One Nation Working Together” Rally - Comedy Rally - 9-11 14) “IMAGINE – THE FŌGIE WAY” 15) Developing another Word Picture: a Muslim and a Mormon 16) ‘RELIGION RAILS’ 17) 10 Cannots by Abraham Lincoln 18) ‘THE PROTESTER’ categories 19) ‘GOOD’ standards 20) Pledge of Allegiance change and TRUE REPUBLIC concept 21) TOUGH LOVE – WE, THE PEOPLE 22) Commander-in-Chief 22) Politics 23) Changes in Government (Federal) - Term Limits - Taxes - Government Reorganization/Balanced Budget - Social Security - Federal Assistance - Education - Health Ca...

Description Details
It is my hope that these three essays provide the reader with a better and more comprehensive understanding of the International Criminal Court, its development, and the reasons all Americans should be concerned. For the non-American reader, I hope that these essays provide a well-articulated explanation of our concerns about the International Criminal Court....

Table of Contents Details
DISCLAIMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii DEDICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS . . . . . . . . . . . .vii PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Essays A HISTORY OF WAR CRIMES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Maj David A. Hater Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT: A CASE OF THE UNITED STATES HAVING ITS CAKE AND EATING IT TOO? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Maj Steven D. Dubriske Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 GENERAL WATSON TO THE ICC? THE PRESIDENT MUST DECIDE SOON! . . . . . . . . 71 Dr. Donald A. MacCuish and Lt Col Tomislav Ruby Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 APPENDIX: SIGNATORIES AND RATIFICATIONS TO THE ROME STATUTE OF THE ICC . . . . . . .9...

Description Details
Colonel Hesterman's analysis of this subject is accurate and timely. She provides a fresh look at the criminal/terrorist nexus and by examining corporate trends, provides unique insights into funding aspects of both activities. This important subject matter is ripe for further policy and substantive analytical focus. Analysts and policy makers alike can certainly use her study’s conclusions and recommendations in their efforts to protect our nation against this vexing threat....

Table of Contents Details
1 “A POISONOUS BREW” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 TRANSNATIONAL CRIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 3 THE CRIMINAL-TERRORIST NEXUS: FUNDING TERROR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4 TERRORIST GROUPS: CORPORATE TRENDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5 CONCLUSION: THE BATTLE AT THE CROSSROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59...

Description Details
To ensure that the DOD is properly managing taxpayer’s money while still providing the best for our soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines, we must not pay just lip service to this upcoming quadrennial defense review....

Table of Contents Details
1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3 Alternati ves for the Next QDR . . . . . 13 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4 Recommendation for Implementing a PQDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 5 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33...

Description Details
This original work explores the differences in environmental policy between the US and European countries, providing causal arguments for the differences. This thesis is the only comparative environmental political analysis of its kind, and completely reverses a very ill-informed transatlantic debate with facts and causal analysis. Specific focus is provided for the EU, the UK, and France, on the issues environmental law enforcement, global warming, and the precautionary principle. Advisor: Rahul Sagar Second Reader: Ezra Suleiman...

Table of Contents Details
Introduction......................................4 1: Regulatory Values............................ 21 2: The American Environmental Conflict.... 38 3: European Environmental Cooperation ....50 A. The Environmental Revolution in Europe B. The Diminishing Direct Effect of EU Environmental Law C. The Aarhus Convention 4: A Comparison of National Level Environmental Law Enforcement.....................................70 A. English Environmental Law: Exceedingly Mild-Mannered B. French Environmental Law: A Balanced Approach C. A Comparison with American Environmental Penalties 5: Climate Change...............................84 A. The Republican Party and Anti-Environmentalism B. Industry and Republicans C. American Public Opinion and the American Oil Industry D. The Waxman-Markey Bill 6: The Precautionary Principle.................95 Conclusion.......................................105...

Description Details
This essay is a common sense approach to the issue of economic monopolies, written for the general reader with no knowledge of economics. I clearly explain why monopolies are always the result of government regulation and not as socialists claim the result of the free market. I have postgraduate studies in economics, but I am not a specialist on the subject, and this essay represents the knowledge I gathered in an attempt to answer my own questions. English is not my first language and you should be ready to excuse my syntax....

Description Details
The doctoral dissertation analyses the international anticorruption discourse by the World Bank, UNDP and Transparency International. It draws out implicit conceptions of an ideal uncorrupted society. While international anticorruption discourse is found to be broadly reflective of what can be called advanced liberal ideals of governing, the thesis enables an in-depth understanding of the manifold and complex discursive moves through which these particular ideals are constructed and advanced by the discourse....

Excerpt Details
"Overall, IAC discourse delegitimizes any social constellation and political project that involves a conception of human beings which differs from ‘rational and self-interested’. [...] These negations of different social structures and political projects are related to other negations, such as of non-positivist ways of acquiring knowledge and investigating corruption and possible counter-measures. In a political project that is structured consistently according to the presuppositions and findings of positivist, rational choice inspired research, any other ways of looking at the world [...] can only be risky and wrong and endanger the fight against corruption"....

Table of Contents Details
Abbreviations Figures Acknowledgements Quotes Introduction 1 Corruption as a social construction – implications for an analysis of international anticorruption efforts The fight against corruption – an intrinsically good project? Positivist research on corruption – corruption as a fact After positivism – corruption as a socially constructed concept International anticorruption efforts as a site where corruption is constructed 2 A post-Marxist discourse and hegemony theoretical approach to the analysis of international anticorruption discourse A theory of discourse – a theory of society Hegemonic strategy, stratagems and other discursive logics The IAC consensus from a post-Marxist discourse and hegemony theoretical perspective Delimiting and analysing the discourse – ‘operationalisation’ and method 3 Creating the enemy Definitions, manifestations and locations of corruption Causes of corruption Social, political and economic consequences of corruption Subject positions Metaphors...

Description Details
It is the argument of this paper that the Canadian government has not yet achieved its goals of women’s equality, elimination of child poverty and optimal national productivity due to an oversight in social policy that neglects the unpaid caregiving sector. The care of the sick, elderly, handicapped, dying and the young has been historically a female role and as women have moved into paid labor, this role has been devalued creating barriers both to those who try to juggle career and family and to those who for a time prioritize the caregiving side, with serious financial and social penalties. Arguments are noted from sociology, health, economics and feminist theory to support the claim that recognition of the care sector is a vital step to achieving equality and ‘best interests’ goals. The present justification for one-sided support of the care sector, focusing only on paid care is analyzed for its lapses in logic, its negatives stereotyping of the unpaid role and its motivations which may undermine the goals it seeks to achieve....

Description Details
Up to 50% of our taxes & insurance premiums go to cover ‘lifestyle’ activities. Lifestyle is therefore the largest category of discretionary spending with the potential of reducing our costs by up to this same 50%. Lifestyle is also a far more accurate predicator of our future health care needs and social service requirements. This allows lifestyle to provide the best measure of planning & forecast over today’s ‘comparison shopping’ models. ROOPA highlights the number of savings and other advantages gained from this dual track of lifestyle and its corresponding social costs models. “The ‘social cost’ of obesity averages around $150 billion a year. This comes to about 10 cents per item (of junk food). Every soda pop, hamburger and candy bar will now have this 10 cent premium. The more soda you drink, the more you have already paid into your own health coverage for obesity. It’s the most affordable ‘pay as you go’ insurance plan. It cost a dime.”...

Table of Contents Details
Contents RAGHU-NOMICS 4 1 ROOPA II 1 Health Care Reform Made Easy: Social Cost 1 Editors Copy 2 Prospectus 3 The 4 page ROOPA Pamphlet used for campaign run for Congress. 5 Raghu Giuffre for Congress 5 ROOPA: 5 50% of Taxes & Insurance Spent on Life Style 5 Excerpt: 5 Part I: 5 Part II: Solution: Pricing Social Costs 6 Insurance: Market Based Social Cost 6 Part III: $4 Trillion in Savings 7 Demo 2: Smoking Current Tobacco Policy: 7 ROOPA: Better Service for 50% Less 7 Captions 9 Virtue & Moral Posturing 9 Bi-partisan Policy 10 Tobacco 11 Tax Reform 11 Republican Tax Policy 11 Illicit Sex 12 Section I 20 ROOPA Theology 20 ROOPA Theology 21 Greater the Vice; Greater the Price 21 Economic Democracy 21 Premise 21 Net Result 22 Benefit 22 Advantage 22 End Result 22 Example 22 The Difference: Greater Cooperation 23 Public Policy Formula 23 True Free Market 24 Economic Democracy 25 Cost: $3.00 26 How to Start? 26 The ROOPA Coalition 27 Law Suits or ROOPA 27 Section II 28 Introduction 28 The ROOPA Journey 30 The Abyss of Political Activism & the Reforms Discovered 30 Section III 42 ROO...

Description Details
The antiwar of our entire nation is defined as being the army-impeded forces, skirmishing shoulder to shoulder with the civilian population, with the purpose of defeating all non-aggressors, for securing our country’s slavery and dependency. The defeat in this battle is assured through a moral inferiority of our population - the right cause of this antiwar -, the lack of heroism of our state’s citizens, by applying an adequate blundering, using our geographical disadvantages, and the international public humiliation. ...

Excerpt Details
The battle and its non-goal. The battle is an ensemble of skirmishes of the subunits and units, which take place in a disorganized manner using armament and fighting techniques, for the expressed desire to enforce the enemy. The battle cannot take place on the ground, in the air, or on the water, in an open paradoxist cooperation with all-military denominations, and using their armament’s procedures with the goal of empowering the non-aggressor enemy. The battle is not the only way for obtaining the miscarriage. The battle’s goal is not the destruction or the capture of enemy’s groups, or the capture and holding on of critical portions of terrain. While in anti-defense, the defeat with fewer forces of the enemy’s superior forces would be done with our old-fashioned technique: ...

Table of Contents Details
Instruction Notebooks...............................3 Table of Contents .................................4 1 The Non-Tactical Instruction...........................10 Non-Assignment 1. ...............................10 The battle and its non-goal. ...........................12 The principles of non-organizing the battle’s actions. .................13 Non-Assignment 2...............................13 The disorganization principle of the subunits of unpatriotic guards. ............15 The subunits of the other branches of the military, their non-role, and their non-missions. ....15 The non-role and non-missions unsustainable by the other branches of the military. ......16 Not understanding the modern military ......................17 General principles disregarding the non-actions conducted by the subunits of a non-modern military in the inoffensive battles............................18 The anti-defense forms............................20 The non-roles and the non-missions of the fight units. .................20 The non-insurance for battle...........................20 The content of the battle’s non-insurance, its goal...

Description Details
Interagency Fratricide: Policy Failures in the Persian Gulf and Bosnia provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors that affected both interagency processes and policy outcomes during the Persian Gulf War (1990–91) and the early stages of the Bosnia crisis (1993–95). Going one-on-one with members of Washington’s policy elite who were involved directly in these two cases, the author demonstrates that the US government’s approach to termination policy proved fragmented and personality driven. She systematically presents evidence to support the study’s conclusion, revealing that the nature of the gap between diplomats and war fighters will consistently produce policies that bring about cease-fire in the form of war termination, but fail to address the underlying causes and conditions that generated conflict (and, potentially, war). These issues must be resolved if the US government hopes to improve the social and political conditions of those embroiled in conflict while at the same time bolstering a security posture favorable to US interests in the aftermath of intervention. The three sections of this work thematically present...

Table of Contents Details
PART I Framing the Problem 1 CONFLICT TERMINATION WITHIN A BUREAUCRATIC ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . 3 Interagency Decision Making via Negotiation. . . . . . . . . . 5 The Efficacy of the Policy-Making Process . . 14 Outline of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Implications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2 RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY: INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP CHOICE . . . . . . . 27 Decision-Making Approaches: Units of Analysis as Delimiters . . . . . . . . . 28 Rational Choice Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Groups as “Less than Rational” Actors . . . . .41 Rationale for Alternative Approaches . . . . . .48 Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3 CONFLICT TERMINATION MODELS . . . . . . 61 Points or Processes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 Rational Actor Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 4 THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . 85 Allison’s Bureaucratic Politics Approach . . . . 85 US Government Decision Making . . . . . . . . 92 ...